WIPO-2017年世界知识产权指标（英文）-2017-224页-19mb

World Intellectual Property Indicators 2017 Summary

Core Content

The World Intellectual Property Indicators 2017 report provides an overview of global intellectual property (IP) filing activity for the year 2016, highlighting trends in patents, trademarks, industrial designs, and plant varieties. It also introduces new statistics on the operational performance of IP offices, including examination capacity, application processing times, and outcomes. Additionally, the report includes data on geographical indications (GIs) for the first time.

Main Views

Global IP Filing Trends

• Patents: Global patent filings increased by 8.3% in 2016, marking seven consecutive years of growth. China led with a 21.5% increase, followed by the U.S. (2.7%) and Japan (-0.1%).
• Trademarks: Global trademark filings rose by 13.5% in 2016. China saw the largest increase at 30.8%, while Japan and India also recorded significant growth.
• Industrial Designs: Global industrial design filings increased by 8.3%. The Russian Federation and EUIPO showed strong growth (9.4% and 6.5%, respectively), while the Republic of Korea saw declines in all three IP categories (-2.3%, -1.7%, -4.6%).
• Utility Models: Global utility model filings increased by 28.9%, with China leading the growth at 30.9%.
• Plant Varieties: Global plant variety applications rose by 8.3%, with China showing the highest growth (24.8%), followed by the U.S. (-1.8%) and the Community Plant Variety Office (EU) (6.0%).

IP Filing Activity by Origin

• Total Filing Activity: China ranked first in all categories, while the U.S. ranked second in patents and trademarks, and fourth in industrial designs.
• Resident Filing Activity: China again led in all categories, with Japan and the U.S. following in patents and trademarks, and the Republic of Korea ranking fourth in industrial designs.
• Notable Countries: Japan, Russia, and India showed large increases in trademark filings. The Russian Federation and EUIPO had significant growth in industrial design filings. The Republic of Korea, however, was the only major country to see declines in all three IP categories.

Special Section: Patent Office Operations

• The report introduces new statistics on patent office operations, including application processing times, examination capacity, and examination outcomes.
• Examination Processes: Vary significantly across offices, with some (like South Africa) conducting only formal examinations, while others (like Japan) perform both formal and substantive examinations.
• Substantive Examination: Involves checking for novelty, non-obviousness, and industrial applicability, often leading to lengthy procedures. The EPO's patent grant process typically takes 3–5 years.
• Examination Capacity: Offices must adapt their processing capacity, especially examination capacity, to handle the growing number of applications. Hiring and training additional examiners is time-consuming.
• Backlogs and Pendency Times: The number of potentially pending applications has increased across most major offices, leading to longer pendency times. The U.S. had 1.1 million, Japan 847,000, and the EPO 668,000 potentially pending applications in 2016. Offices in Brazil and India also experienced significant backlogs.
• Trends in Workload: The number of patent applications globally reached 3.1 million in 2016, up from 2 million in 2011. China saw the most dramatic increase, with applications rising from 18,700 in 1995 to 1.3 million in 2016.

Geographical Indications (GIs)

• For the first time, WIPO published statistics on GIs, acknowledging the lack of comprehensive data in this area.
• 54 national and regional authorities responded to the new statistical survey.
• The data collected are considered incomplete due to the multiple ways GIs can be protected, but they are seen as a first step toward a more complete global picture.

Key Information

• License: The publication is licensed under CC BY 3.0 IGO, allowing reproduction, distribution, and adaptation with proper attribution.
• Data Sources: The report draws from the WIPO Statistics Database.
• Contact: For further information or permissions, users are encouraged to visit the WIPO website.
• Disclaimer: The WIPO Secretariat assumes no liability for any transformation or translation of the original content.
• Acknowledgements: The report was prepared under the direction of Francis Gurry (Director General) and supervised by Carsten Fink (Chief Economist). It was compiled by a team from the Economics and Statistics Division and supported by various departments and individuals.

Additional Notes

• Data Limitations: Differences in IP filing procedures across jurisdictions make direct comparisons difficult. The report emphasizes trend analysis over cross-office comparisons.
• Supporting Tools: Readers can access additional statistical tools on the WIPO website, including the IP Statistics Data Center and Statistical Country Profiles.

Conclusion

The 2017 edition of the World Intellectual Property Indicators provides a comprehensive overview of the global IP landscape, highlighting the significant growth in filings, particularly in China, and the challenges faced by patent offices in managing increasing workloads and backlogs. It also marks a new initiative in collecting data on GIs and introduces procedural insights into the functioning of IP offices, offering a valuable resource for policymakers and stakeholders.