2014年-世界发展银行全球_Republic_of_South_Sudan___Analysis_of_Juba_Distribution_Network_and_Capacity_Building_Needs_in_the_Electricity_Sector_37页_1mb

Summary of Juba Distribution Network and Capacity Building Needs in South Sudan's Electricity Sector

Core Content

This report, prepared by the World Bank's Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP), analyzes the Juba distribution network and identifies capacity building needs in South Sudan's electricity sector. It aims to support the development of the sector and its institutions in the post-independent Republic of South Sudan (RSS).

Key Focus Areas

1. Distribution Network Analysis in Juba

   • Juba is the capital and economic center of South Sudan with a population of 0.37 million.
   • The current distribution system has outdated infrastructure, high system losses (35-40%), and limited capacity.
   • The existing installed capacity is 22MW, but the actual available capacity is only 12MW due to poor maintenance and lack of spare parts.
   • The system serves about 10,000 consumers through a mix of post-paid and limited pre-paid meters.
   • The Juba distribution network is expected to face significant challenges in meeting current and future demand, which is projected to increase to 55,000 customers by 2017.
   • The near-term supply will depend on the 40MW hydropower plant at Fula Rapids.

2. Capacity Building Needs for Sector Institutions

   • The Ministry of Electricity, Dams, Irrigation, and Water Resources (MoEDIWR) and the South Sudan Electricity Corporation (SSEC) lack clear roles and responsibilities.
   • There is a lack of financial autonomy for sector investments, which leads to delays in procurement and maintenance.
   • The current electricity tariff does not cover full cost recovery and is below cost.
   • The sector lacks modern technical standards, a formal Electricity Act, and a comprehensive grid code.
   • There is a significant shortage of skilled human resources to manage and maintain the power system.

Main Recommendations

Technical Investments for Juba Distribution Network

• Substations: Two 33/11 kV substations with a capacity of 2x10/14 MVA.
• Infrastructure Upgrades: Installation of source lines, feeder lines, distribution transformers, capacitor banks, service cables, and meters.
• Operation and Maintenance: Contracts and training for SSEC and MoEDIWR staff to ensure smooth operations.
• Pre-paid Meters: Introduction of a new ecosystem of pre-paid meters to reduce commercial losses and improve efficiency.

Capacity Building Measures

• Training Programs: Implementation of training and development for human resources to support system operation and maintenance.
• Organogram Development: Creation of an efficient organizational structure for SSEC and MoEDIWR.
• Training Modules: Development of 25 topics for training to cover various aspects of the power sector.
• Software Procurement: Acquisition of project management, GIS, and system analysis software for improved operations.
• Dynamic Website and Billing System: Development of a dynamic website and billing software to enhance customer service and financial management.
• Legal and Regulatory Framework: Need for a formal Electricity Act, tariff structure, and grid code.

Key Findings

• Current Infrastructure: The Juba distribution network is outdated, unreliable, and insufficient to meet current demand.
• High System Losses: Estimated at 35-40%, primarily due to poor maintenance and equipment failures.
• Energy Demand Projections: The number of customers is expected to grow from 22,000 in 2013 to 55,000 in 2017.
• Tariff Issues: The current tariff is below cost and does not cover full cost recovery.
• Human Resource Shortage: There is a critical lack of skilled personnel to manage the distribution system effectively.
• Financial Constraints: SSEC and MoEDIWR rely on central budgetary allocations, causing delays in maintenance and procurement.

Investment Plan

• Total Estimated Cost: USD 50.32 million.
• Breakdown by Year:
  • Year 1: USD 4,988,030
  • Year 2: USD 20,219,230
  • Year 3: USD 25,109,240

Expected Outcomes

• Increased Distribution Capacity: The proposed project will increase SSEC's distribution capacity to 56MVA.
• Improved Infrastructure: New substation and feeder line installations will enhance the reliability and coverage of the distribution network.
• Enhanced Efficiency: Introduction of pre-paid meters and modern software will reduce losses and improve service quality.
• Professional Workforce: Training programs will help build a skilled workforce for the sector.
• Operational Manuals: Development of operation and maintenance manuals will ensure consistent and high-quality service delivery.

Conclusion

This report outlines the urgent need for technical and institutional improvements in South Sudan's electricity sector, particularly in Juba. It highlights the importance of immediate investment in infrastructure and capacity building to ensure reliable and efficient electricity supply, support sector development, and meet the growing energy demand. The recommendations are aligned with the South Sudan Development Plan (SSDP) and will be further developed under the proposed Energy Sector Technical Assistance Project (ESTAP).