2024-04-22-世界银行-乌干达土地部门的数字化转型_一份政策说明（英）_18页_635kb

Digital Transformation of the Land Sector in Uganda: Policy Analysis Summary

Context and Challenges

• Land Sector Importance: Land is central to Uganda's development, but tenure insecurity persists with only 22% of land parcels registered.
• Population Pressures: Expected population growth to 100 million by 2060 increases land competition and disputes.
• Digitalization Gaps: Systematic demarcation and registration processes are manual and costly; legal framework (e.g., Electronic Signatures Act) prohibits digital land transactions; supporting systems (e.g., UgNLIS) are not fully decentralized or interoperable.

Key Constraints

1. Outdated Legal Framework: Land transactions excluded from electronic signatures law, hindering digital registration.
2. Low Registration Rates: Only 22% of parcels registered; customary certificates of occupancy (CCOs) are paper-based and not integrated into the national system.
3. Decentralization Challenges: Local authorities (ALCs) lack capacity and training for systematic demarcation and digital tools.
4. Inefficient Processes: Manual, paper-based procedures for sporadic registration and subsequent transactions increase costs and errors; limited integration between NSDI elements.

Opportunities and Risks

• Opportunities: Accelerate systematic demarcation, reduce transaction costs, enhance tenure security, improve land markets, mitigate climate adaptation, and promote gender equity.
• Risks: Delayed digital transformation may worsen tenure insecurity, increase land conflicts, and hinder alignment with Vision 2040 and national development goals.

Recommendations

1. Update Legal and Policy Framework: Amend the Electronic Signatures Act to include land transactions and create a regulatory framework for digital demarcation and registration.
2. Standardize and Digitalize Registration: Scale nationwide systematic demarcation with standardized procedures for CCOs and link them to the UgNLIS; develop simple digital workflows for registration.
3. Establish National Spatial Data Infrastructure: Integrate geospatial databases, create an IGIF country action plan, and unify data systems to support informed decision-making and transparency.