2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Serbia_69页_1mb

Summary of Doing Business 2018: Economy Profile of Serbia

Core Content

The Doing Business 2018 report, published by the World Bank Group, provides an analysis of business regulations across 190 economies, including Serbia. It evaluates the ease of doing business through a set of indicators that cover the entire lifecycle of a small-to-medium-sized enterprise (SME), from starting a business to resolving insolvency. The report aims to improve regulatory environments by offering measurable benchmarks for reform and encouraging economies to compete towards more efficient regulations.

Main Topics and Indicators Covered

The report includes the following key indicators:

• Starting a Business: Procedures, time, cost, and paid-in minimum capital required to establish a limited liability company.
• Dealing with Construction Permits: Procedures, time, and cost to complete all formalities for building a warehouse.
• Getting Electricity: Procedures, time, cost, reliability, and transparency of the electricity supply.
• Registering Property: Procedures, time, and cost to transfer property and the quality of land administration.
• Getting Credit: Movable collateral laws and credit information systems.
• Protecting Minority Investors: Rights of minority shareholders in related-party transactions and corporate governance.
• Paying Taxes: Payments, time, and total tax rate for a firm to comply with tax regulations.
• Trading Across Borders: Time and cost to export and import goods.
• Enforcing Contracts: Time and cost to resolve a commercial dispute and the quality of judicial processes.
• Resolving Insolvency: Time, cost, outcome, and recovery rate for commercial insolvency.
• Labor Market Regulation: Flexibility in employment regulation and aspects of job quality.

Key Information on Serbia

Economic Overview

• Region: Europe & Central Asia
• Income Category: Upper middle income
• Population: 7,057,412
• GNI Per Capita (US$): 5,280
• City Covered: Belgrade

Ease of Doing Business (EODB)

• Ranking: Serbia's ranking is determined by its distance to frontier (DTF) score, which is the average of the DTF scores for all component indicators.
• DTF Score: The DTF score reflects how close an economy is to the best performance observed on the indicators, with 0 representing the lowest performance and 100 the frontier.

Starting a Business

• Procedures: 5 procedures for both men and women.
• Time: 5.5 days for men and 5.5 days for women.
• Cost: 2.3% of income per capita for both men and women.
• Paid-in Minimum Capital: 0.0% of income per capita (no requirement).
• Legal Form: Limited Liability Company (DOO).
• DTF Score for Starting a Business: 5.5 (Serbia) vs. 5.2 (Europe & Central Asia), 4.9 (OECD high income), and 1.00 (New Zealand).
• Procedure Details:
  1. Notarize the memorandum of association: 1 day, cost RSD 300 per signature per copy.
  2. Open a bank account and pay registration fees: 1 day, cost RSD 4,900 (administrative fee) + RSD 1,000 (registration and publication fee).
  3. Apply for and obtain the registration certificate, tax identification number, pension fund, and health fund certificates: 2 days, no charge.
  4. Make stamp and seal: 1 day, cost RSD 1,660–2,800.
  5. Register employment contracts: less than one day, no charge (online procedure).

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Procedures: 11 procedures for Serbia, compared to 16.0 (Europe & Central Asia), 12.5 (OECD high income), and 7.00 (Denmark).
• Time: 110 days for Serbia, compared to 168.3 (Europe & Central Asia), 154.6 (OECD high income), and 27.5 (Korea, Rep.).
• Cost: 1.8% of warehouse value for Serbia, compared to 4.0 (Europe & Central Asia), 1.6 (OECD high income), and 0.10 (5 Economies).
• Building Quality Control Index: 13.0 (Serbia), compared to 11.4 (Europe & Central Asia), 11.4 (OECD high income), and 15.00 (3 Economies).

Methodology and Assumptions

• Standardized Business: A 100% domestically owned limited liability company with five natural owners, no legal entities, operating in the largest business city (Belgrade), and employing between 10 and 50 domestic nationals.
• Paid-in Minimum Capital: 10 times income per capita.
• Warehouse Specifications: A two-story building with a total area of approximately 1,300.6 square meters, valued at 50 times income per capita.
• Assumptions for Procedures:
  • All required information is readily available.
  • No bribes are paid.
  • Procedures are completed without prior contact with officials.
  • Online procedures are counted as 0.5 days.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2018 report highlights Serbia's progress in improving its business regulatory environment. While it still faces challenges compared to the best performers in the world, the country has made strides in reducing the time and cost of starting a business and obtaining construction permits. The report provides valuable insights and recommendations for further reforms to enhance the ease of doing business in Serbia.