2015-03-14-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_weekly_bulletin_9_-_15_March_2015_12页_1mb

I. Epidemiological Situation of Week 11

• Total Cases & Deaths: 448 suspected cases reported with 34 deaths (7.6% lethality).
• Affected Countries: Burkina Faso (109 cases), Ghana (33), Guinea (15), Mali (5), Niger (34), Nigeria (208), and Chad (8). Many districts are under alert or epidemic thresholds.
• Notable Shifts: Ghana saw the district of Nadom enter epidemic phase; Nigeria's Aliero remains in epidemic phase while Jega and Shagari transitioned from alert to epidemic.
• Lethality Variations: Nigeria shows very low lethality (2.4%), while others like South Sudan report higher rates (26.7%).
• Data Note: Figures are preliminary and subject to change post-verification. Some countries (e.g., Congo, Kenya, Uganda) have no cases reported this week.

II. Epidemiological Synthesis (Weeks 1-11)

• Cumulative Cases & Deaths: 4,473 cases reported with 372 deaths over weeks 1-11 (8.3% national lethality).
• District-Wide Trends: 12 districts are affected in epidemic phases, with regions like Nigeria and Chad remaining significant hotspots.
• Country-Specific Totals: Nigeria leads with 1,038 cases and 57 deaths, followed by Cameroon and Ivory Coast.
• Impact of Vaccination: Partial (P) and full (T) vaccination (MenAfriVac) restricts outbreaks in some areas.

III. Laboratory Data

• Pathogens Identified: As of weeks 1-11, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is the predominant germ, responsible for most cases, while Neisseria meningitidis C (NmC) presents in several countries (e.g., Nigeria, Niger).
• Testing Details: 731 CSF samples tested from 4,472 suspected cases (16.3% tested). Spn dominates the epidemic onset.

IV. Surveillance Data Graphs

• Visual Comparison: The bulletin includes comparative weekly data trends for 2014 and 2015 (where full data is available). Charts highlight weekly fluctuations by country and region, providing insight into the evolution of the epidemic across years.