2021-06-28-世界卫生组织-Hypertension_Bahamas_2020_country_profile_2页_299kb

Bahamas Hypertension Fact Sheet Summary

Core Content

The document presents key data and strategies related to hypertension in the Bahamas for the year 2019, focusing on the burden of the condition, national response systems, and public health targets.

Total Population (2019)

• Total population: 389,486

Burden of Hypertension

• 36.7% of the adult population have hypertension.
• 97.7 thousand people with hypertension do not have it under control.

National Systems Response

• Policy availability: There is a policy to reduce population salt/sodium consumption.
• Medicine availability: The number of essential hypertension-related medicines reported as "generally available" is noted, though the exact figure is not specified in the text.
• Blood pressure measurement: Blood pressure measurement is reported as "generally available" in primary health care facilities of the public sector.

National Targets

• Raised blood pressure: A 10% reduction in age-standardised prevalence of raised blood pressure by 2022.
• Salt consumption: No specific target is mentioned for reducing salt consumption.

WHO Recommendations for Hypertension Prevention and Control

WHO recommends addressing hypertension through the following strategies:

• Reduce modifiable risk factors:
  • Unhealthy diets (excessive salt, high saturated and trans fats, low fruits and vegetables)
  • Physical inactivity
  • Tobacco and alcohol consumption
  • Being overweight or obese
• Use technical packages:
  • MPOWER: For reducing population salt/sodium consumption
  • ACTIVE, SHAKE, REPLACE, and HEARTS: For hypertension control

Hypertension Cascade by Age and Sex (2019)

The following data reflects the hypertension cascade in the Bahamas for adults aged 18+:

Notes:

• Percentages reflect the proportion of the population with hypertension in each category.
• Aware (diagnosed): People who meet the hypertension definition and have been told by a health worker they have the condition.
• Under treatment: People who meet the hypertension definition and are receiving treatment.
• Controlled: People whose blood pressure is under control and have been diagnosed and treated.

Definitions

Population with Hypertension

• Individuals with:
  • SBP ≥ 140 mmHg (mean of 2nd and 3rd measurements)
  • DBP ≥ 90 mmHg (mean of 2nd and 3rd measurements)
  • A diagnosis of hypertension from a health worker and have been treated with prescribed medication in the past two weeks

Aware (Diagnosed)

• Individuals who meet the hypertension definition and have been told by a health worker they have the condition

Under Treatment

• Individuals who meet the hypertension definition, have been diagnosed, and are receiving treatment

Controlled

• Individuals with SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg, who have been diagnosed and are under treatment

Data Sources

1. Prevalence and hypertension cascade data: From the Bahamas 2019 STEPwise approach to noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) survey.
2. Population estimates: Derived from UN estimates for the 2019 Bahamas population aged 25-64 years.
3. National systems response data: From the 2019 National County Capacity Survey for NCDs.
4. National targets: From the Wellness in the Nation: The National Multi-sectoral NCD Strategy and Plan of Action for the Bahamas (2017-2022).
5. Trend data: From the Global Health Observatory data repository for age-standardized estimates of raised blood pressure.