IEF-构建市场以扩大碳管理解决方案（英）-2025_29页_3mb

Summary of "Building Markets to Scale Carbon Management Solutions" Report

Overview

This report, authored by the International Energy Forum (IEF), analyzes the evolving landscape of Carbon Management Solutions (CMS), with a particular focus on Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS). It highlights that while deployments are accelerating, CMS faces challenges in commercial viability due to heavy reliance on subsidies, underdeveloped market incentives, and high costs. The report emphasizes the need for market-based approaches, policy reforms, technological innovation, and international collaboration to scale CMS for energy security and climate mitigation.

Key Challenges and Findings

• Deployment and Geographic Concentration: CCUS growth is rapid but geographically concentrated, with over 90% of capacity in ten countries like North America, the Middle East, and Europe. By 2030, global CO₂ removal via CMS-CCUS is projected to reach 1 Gt, but sustained momentum requires broader international participation and investment.
• Policy and Market Dynamics: Government support remains project-based and insufficient for sustaining the CMS ecosystem. Market mechanisms, such as carbon pricing and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), are underdeveloped, leading to over-reliance on subsidies. Patent trends show rapid advancement in CCUS technologies, but financing through blended mechanisms (e.g., private-public partnerships) is needed to drive deployment.
• Technological and Economic Bottlenecks: High capture costs and scalability issues persist, particularly in hard-to-abate sectors like steel and cement. Optimizing the CCUS value chain, transitioning to decentralized models, and leveraging technologies like Direct Air Capture (DAC) and CO₂ utilization could reduce costs and enhance deployment.
• Integration with Energy Systems: CMS plays a critical role in balancing energy security with decarbonization, enabling uses like Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), synthetic fuels, and circular carbon economies. For instance, EOR integrates seamlessly with oil and gas infrastructure, supporting emissions reduction while maintaining energy reliability.
• Market and Commercial Opportunities: Emerging business models, such as "capture-as-a-service" and venture capital funding, are fostering innovation, but financing gaps remain. Carbon markets and CBAM are gaining traction but require long-term policy stability to ensure consistent supply of carbon credits and valuation.

Recommendations and Recommendations

The report stresses the need for cohesive policy frameworks at national and international levels to support large-scale CCUS adoption, de-risk investments, and foster value chain integration. Key actions include enhancing cross-sectoral collaboration, promoting private investment through incentives, ensuring regulatory stability for transboundary CO₂ transport, and advancing technologies to achieve cost-effectiveness. This approach aims to accelerate decarbonization while maintaining economic resilience and affordable energy access.

Conclusion

Scaling CMS is essential for meeting climate goals and ensuring energy security, but it requires urgent policy reforms, market incentives, and technological innovation to overcome current limitations and unlock full commercial potential. The IEF advocates for global cooperation to build a resilient circular carbon economy.