2011-12-31-世界卫生组织-2012_GSHS_Fact_Sheet_Bolivia_Plurinational_State_of_2页_44kb

Bolivia GSHS 2012 Fact Sheet Summary

Survey Methodology

• Target Population: Students aged 13-15 in grades 2-4 secondary school.
• Sampling: Two-stage cluster sample design.
• Response Rates: School response rate 99%, student response rate 89%, overall response rate 88%.
• Participants: 3696 students included in the analysis.

Key Findings by Health Domain

Alcohol Use

• High prevalence: About 15% of students drank alcohol in the past 30 days, with higher rates among boys.
• Early initiation: Nearly 56% of students who ever drank alcohol first did so before age 14.
• Risk behavior: 11% reported getting really drunk at least once in their lifetime.

Dietary Behaviours

• Underweight: Low rates, around 1-2%.
• Overweight and obesity: Significant, with about 21-24% overweight and 4-5% obese.
• Soft drink consumption: Most students (63%) drank carbonated soft drinks daily.

Drug Use

• Early initiation: Most drug users (78%) first used drugs before age 14.
• Lifetime use: Approximately 2-3% reported marijuana use.

Hygiene

• Poor practices: Dental hygiene inadequate for 7-9%, handwashing rare for 6-7%.

Mental Health

• High risks: 17-23% considered suicide, 19-24% attempted it; few had close friends (8-9%).

Physical Activity

• Low activity levels: Only 24-29% met minimum daily requirements; many spent excessive time sitting.

Protective Factors

• Inconsistent school attendance: 29-30% missed classes without permission.
• Parental support: Moderate levels of understanding and supervision.

Sexual Behaviours

• Sexual activity: 20-25% reported ever having intercourse; early onset among boys.
• Condom use: Inconsistent, with about 62-68% using during last time.

Tobacco Use

• Prevalent smoking: 12-16% smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days.
• Early initiation: Most smokers (67%) first tried a cigarette before age 14.

Violence and Unintentional Injury

• High violence rates: Common physical fights (33-45%) and injuries (48-56%); bullying frequent (30-32%).