2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Israel_105页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Israel Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report by the World Bank provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory environment for small to medium-sized businesses in Israel. It measures and tracks changes in regulations across 11 key areas in the business life cycle, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report highlights how easy or difficult it is for entrepreneurs to operate businesses in compliance with these regulations and includes a gender dimension in several indicators.

The report presents two main metrics: the Ease of Doing Business (EDB) ranking and the Distance to Frontier (DTF) score. The EDB ranking ranks economies from 1 to 190 based on their overall regulatory environment, while the DTF score measures the absolute distance of an economy from the best regulatory practices on each indicator.

Key Indicators and Performance

Starting a Business

• DB2017 Rank: 41
• DB2016 Rank: 50
• DTF Score: 92.28
• DTF Score (2016): 90.55
• Procedures (Men): 4
• Time (Men): 12 days
• Cost (Men): 3.3% of income per capita
• Procedures (Women): 4
• Time (Women): 12 days
• Cost (Women): 3.3% of income per capita
• Best Performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 99.96)

Dealing with Construction Permits

• DB2017 Rank: 71
• DB2016 Rank: 69
• DTF Score: 71.61
• DTF Score (2016): 71.54
• Procedures: 15
• Time: 209 days
• Cost: 1.5% of warehouse value
• Best Performer: New Zealand (DTF 87.40)

Getting Electricity

• DB2017 Rank: 71
• DB2016 Rank: 67
• DTF Score: 75.20
• DTF Score (2016): 75.21
• Procedures: 6
• Time: 102 days
• Cost: 14.7% of income per capita
• Best Performer: Republic of Korea (DTF 99.88)

Registering Property

• DB2017 Rank: 126
• DB2016 Rank: 126
• DTF Score: 52.84
• DTF Score (2016): 52.84
• Procedures: 6
• Time: 81 days
• Cost: 8.3% of property value
• Best Performer: New Zealand (DTF 94.46)

Getting Credit

• DB2017 Rank: 44
• DB2016 Rank: 42
• DTF Score: 65.00
• DTF Score (2016): 65.00
• Strength of Legal Rights Index: 6
• Depth of Credit Information Index: 7
• Credit Bureau Coverage: 72.5% of adults
• Best Performer: New Zealand (DTF 100.00)

Protecting Minority Investors

• DB2017 Rank: 9
• DB2016 Rank: 7
• DTF Score: 75.00
• DTF Score (2016): 75.00
• Strength of Minority Investor Protection Index: 7.5
• Conflict of Interest Regulation Index: 8.3
• Best Performer: New Zealand (DTF 83.33)

Paying Taxes

• DB2017 Rank: 96
• DB2016 Rank: 93
• DTF Score: 71
• DTF Score (2016): 71.06
• Number of Payments per Year: 33
• Time (hours per year): 235
• Total Tax Rate (% of profit): 28.1%
• Postfiling Index: 65.5
• Best Performer: United Arab Emirates (DTF 99.44)

Trading Across Borders

• DB2017 Rank: 59
• DB2016 Rank: 57
• DTF Score: 82.85
• DTF Score (2016): 82.85
• Time to Export (Border Compliance): 36 hours
• Cost to Export (Border Compliance): $150
• Time to Export (Documentary Compliance): 13 hours
• Cost to Export (Documentary Compliance): $73
• Time to Import (Border Compliance): 64 hours
• Cost to Import (Border Compliance): $307
• Time to Import (Documentary Compliance): 44 hours
• Cost to Import (Documentary Compliance): $70
• Best Performer: 10 Economies (DTF 100.00)

Enforcing Contracts

• DB2017 Rank: 89
• DB2016 Rank: 87
• DTF Score: 57.93
• DTF Score (2016): 57.93
• Time (days): 975
• Cost (% of claim): 25.3%
• Quality of Judicial Processes Index: 13
• Best Performer: Republic of Korea (DTF 84.15)

Resolving Insolvency

• DB2017 Rank: 31
• DB2016 Rank: 30
• DTF Score: 72.75
• DTF Score (2016): 72.47
• Recovery Rate (cents on the dollar): 62.6
• Time (years): 2
• Cost (% of estate): 23%
• Strength of Insolvency Framework Index: 12.5
• Best Performer: Finland (DTF 93.89)

Key Observations

• Ranking Change: Israel's overall EDB ranking improved slightly from 49 in 2016 to 52 in 2017, indicating minor regulatory improvements.
• Distance to Frontier: The DTF score increased slightly from 71.44 to 71.65, showing progress toward best practices but still lagging behind many comparator economies.
• Gender Dimension: This year, the report introduced a gender component in several indicators, highlighting the difference in procedures, time, and cost for male and female entrepreneurs. The data show that both genders face similar procedures and time, but the gender-specific requirements remain a concern.
• Comparators: Israel's performance is compared with several comparator economies, including Austria, Denmark, France, Norway, the UK, and the US, to provide context and benchmarking.
• New Data Inclusions: For the first time, Somalia was included in the report, bringing the total number of economies covered to 190.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report offers a detailed overview of the regulatory environment in Israel, highlighting both the progress made and areas for further improvement. While Israel has maintained a relatively stable position in the EDB rankings, it still lags behind many top-performing economies. The inclusion of a gender dimension and new methodologies for measuring postfiling processes and government procurement provide more nuanced insights into the challenges faced by different groups of entrepreneurs. Policymakers can use this report to identify specific regulatory bottlenecks and design targeted reforms to enhance the business environment.