拉丁美洲经济委员会-2025年拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的外国直接投资-执行摘要（英）-2025_19页_1mb

报告摘要

Executive Summary: Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean 2025

Global Context: Faced with high volatility and uncertainty, the 2025 report analyzes foreign direct investment (FDI) flows amid global tariff disruptions and multilateral challenges, highlighting strategies from ECLAC, UNCTAD, and other sources.
Regional Inflows: In 2024, Latin America and the Caribbean experienced a 7.1% increase in FDI inflows, reaching US$188.962 billion. This growth was driven mainly by reinvested earnings, not equity, and represented 13.7% of gross fixed capital formation, down from historical levels.
Key Trends: Manufacturing inflows increased at the expense of services, renewable energy continued to be a focus but saw a drop in project value, and the mined products sector peaked due to hydrocarbon projects.
Outflows: FDI outflows rose by 47% to US$53.033 billion, with Brazil and Mexico being significant outward investors.
Frontier Topics:
- Mining and Critical Minerals: The region has high reserves of lithium and copper, presenting opportunities for FDI in energy transition, but policies are often concentrated on extraction rather than development.
- Digital Transformation: FDI in digital tech grew with key sectors like semiconductors and cloud services, yet Latin America remains a net FDI recipient with gaps in infrastructure and innovation.
Policy Implications: Recommendations include aligning FDI attraction strategies with productive development policies through TOPP (technical, operational, political, prospective) capabilities, fostering regional coordination, investing in digital infrastructure, and promoting sound governance.