文档总结：全球新冠疫情防控准备与响应计划
核心内容
本文档概述了全球范围内各国在应对新冠疫情（COVID-19）方面的准备与响应情况，强调所有国家都面临风险，并需根据全球战略准备与响应计划（Global Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan<sup>1</sup>）制定相应的应对措施。该计划旨在通过多层级的活动（全球、区域和国家层面）提供支持，并根据各国的准备能力和疫情发展情况动态调整资源分配。
主要观点
- 所有国家均需准备和响应：无论其当前疫情状况如何，所有国家都应制定应对策略，以应对可能的疫情爆发。
- 支持优先分配给弱势国家：资源和支持将优先提供给那些公共卫生体系较弱、在疫情防控准备方面存在显著差距的国家。
- 多层级支持机制：支持将通过全球、区域和国家的活动进行实施，并依据各国的需求和资金可用性进行分配。
- 分类标准：各国根据其疫情防控准备能力和疫情发展情况被划分为不同的响应等级，以便更有效地分配资源。
关键信息
分类依据
- 操作准备能力：基于《国际卫生条例（2005）》国家报告工具（SPAR）的自我评估。
- 疫情发展阶段：根据疫情传播的连续性，分为以下五类：
- 5- 社区传播
- 4- ≥10例病例
- 3- <10例病例
- 2- 高风险进口病例
- 1- 准备阶段
响应等级与国家列表
响应等级5 - 社区传播
| 国家 |
| Belgium |
| Spain |
| Algeria |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
| Argentina |
| Indonesia |
| Benin |
| Togo |
| Comoros |
| Canada |
| Sweden |
| Andorra |
| Ireland |
| Belarus |
| Kenya |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Ukraine |
| Denmark |
| Switzerland |
| Austria |
| Mexico |
| Cameroon |
| Liberia |
| Burkina Faso |
| Zambia |
| Germany |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain |
| Brazil |
| Poland |
| Colombia |
| Mali |
| Chad |
| Iceland |
| and Northern Ireland |
| Chile |
| Romania |
| Congo |
| Niger |
| Equatorial Guinea |
| Italy |
| France |
| San Marino |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Peru |
| Panama |
| Gabon |
| Lithuania |
| United States of America |
| Hungary |
| Turkey |
| Dominican Republic |
| Philippines |
| Guinea-Bissau |
| Portugal |
| Ecuador |
| Qatar |
| Honduras |
| Georgia |
| South Africa |
| Syrian Arab Republic |
| Ghana |
| Tunisia |
| Guinea |
| United Republic of Tanzania |
响应等级4 - ≥10例病例
| 国家 |
| Australia |
| New Zealand |
| Bahrain |
| Latvia |
| Albania |
| Maldives |
| Afghanistan |
| Mauritania |
| Central African Republic |
| China |
| Norway |
| Brunei Darussalam |
| Luxembourg |
| Angola |
| Mongolia |
| Bolivia (Plurinational State of) |
| Namibia |
| Finland |
| Republic of Korea |
| Bulgaria |
| Malta |
| Antigua and Barbuda |
| Montenegro |
| Botswana |
| occupied Palestinian territory, including east Jerusalem |
| Malaysia |
| United Arab Emirates |
| Czechia |
| Saudi Arabia |
| Bahamas |
| Nepal |
| Djibouti |
| Pakistan |
| Egypt |
| Thailand |
| Belize |
| Republic of Moldova |
| Fiji |
| Somalia |
| Israel |
| Singapore |
| Costa Rica |
| Moro |
| Armenia |
| Mozambique |
| Burundi |
| Jordan |
| Japan |
| Slovenia |
| Cyprus |
| Russian Federation |
| Azerbaijan |
| Myanmar |
| Cabo Verde |
| Kazakhstan |
| Uganda |
| Kuwait |
| Slovakia |
| North Macedonia |
| Rwanda |
| Eritrea |
| Georgia |
| Serbia |
| Lao People's Democratic Republic |
| Vietnam |
| Bhutan |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis |
| Haiti |
| Yemen |
| Cambodia |
| Saint Lucia |
| Iraq |
| Timor-Leste |
| Trinidad and Tobago |
| Dominica |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
| Kyrgyzstan |
| Uzbekistan |
| Grenada |
| Seychelles |
| Libya |
| Jamaica |
| Suriname |
| Saudi Arabia |
| Madagascar |
| India |
| Sri Lanka |
| South Sudan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
| Pakistan |
响应等级3 - <10例病例
| 国家 |
| Lesotho |
| Papua New Guinea |
响应等级2 - 高风险进口病例
| 国家 |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea |
| Turkmenistan |
| Kiribati |
| Marshall Islands |
| Micronesia (Federated States of) |
| Samoa |
响应等级1 - 准备阶段
| 国家 |
| Cook Islands |
| Nauru |
| Palau |
信息更新机制
该分类将根据各国疫情的发展和具体风险与能力评估进行定期更新，以确保资源分配的动态性和有效性。这将影响全球资源需求的总金额，并帮助调整应对策略以适应不断变化的局势。
