2008-11-29-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Week_45-48,_3_November_2008_to_30_November_2008_12页_593kb

MDSC Meningitis Weekly Bulletin Summary

I. Epidemiological Situation Week 45-48 (3-30 November 2008)

• Outbreaks: An outbreak occurred in 2 villages in Ghana (Asante Akim South region) with 14 cases and 9 deaths (CFR 64.3%), all affecting individuals under 19 years of age. Group C Neisseria meningitidis was identified in 3 out of 5 tested CSF samples.

• National Data: The Republic of Congo reported 511 cases and 43 deaths for the week.

• District Totals: Total cases for weeks 45-48: 736, deaths: 77 (case fatality rate 10.5%).

• Alert/Episodes: Benin (high FCR), Burkina Faso (alert), Chad, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Togo reported alert or epidemic cases. Cameroon and Ethiopia had no reported cases for this period.

• Vaccination: A bivalent AC meningococcal vaccine campaign reached over 16,000 residents in Ghana.

II. Annual Epidemiological Summary 2008 (Reported Weeks 1-48)

• Overall Cases & Deaths: Total cases reported: 31,779; deaths: 3,155 (CFR 9.9%).

• Countries with Severe Impact: Nigeria had the highest burden (6,768 cases, 491 deaths), followed by Niger (3,524 cases, 229 deaths) and Democratic Republic of the Congo (6,125 cases, 685 deaths).

• Alert Episodes: Significant outbreaks occurred in Nigeria, Niger, DR Congo, Mali, Chad, and others. Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, and other countries maintained high weekly counts throughout the year.

III. Pathogen Identification

• Sample Analysis (PCR, Latex, Culture): Results indicated high rates of Neisseria meningitidis complex and other pathogens. Notable findings included high N. meningitidis W135 in Chad and complex strains in Nigeria.

• Outbreak Link: Ghana reported an isolated N. meningitidis C case during an outbreak, recommending enhanced biological surveillance.

IV. Data Visualization

• Key Points:
  • Map showed high attack rates in specific districts, particularly in West and Central African nations.
  • Cumulative attack rate trends indicated varying epidemic patterns by country and district; heavy concentration in Nigeria and Central African Republic.

V. Supplementary Information

• Recommendations: Strengthen surveillance, particularly for pathogen strains like C and pneumococci, and ensure timely vaccine distribution, as seen in ongoing outbreaks in multiple countries.