世界经济论坛-为能源转型确保矿产安全（英）-2023.12-17页_4mb

Securing Minerals for the Energy Transition: Key Challenges and Strategies

Summary of Findings

The report highlights that the critical minerals required for decarbonization technologies are at risk of short supply by 2030, potentially delaying the energy transition. Key challenges include historical underinvestment in mineral exploration and mining, complex orebodies, and production lead times.

Risk Analysis

The supply-demand gap poses two types of risks:

1. Availability Risk: Minerals may deplete before 2030, disrupting supply chains beyond mining years.
2. Effort Risk: Attempting to close the gap is costly, time-intensive, and carries complex environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risks.

Priority Strategies

The report identifies ten strategies essential for managing mining's transition to meet future demand:

1. Reduce resource intensity and implement efficiency/reuse measures.
2. Mobilize international private and institutional investment.
3. Leverage alternative financing in challenging markets.
4. Increase data transparency on supply and demand.
5. Address price uncertainty.
6. Increase value-add for local communities.
7. Encourage dialogue on policy design.
8. Accelerate innovation.
9. Address lack of consistency in ESG standards.
10. Streamline approval processes and governance.

Need for Global Collaboration

Isolated efforts are insufficient. Collaboration among governments, industry, financial institutions, and non-profits is essential to unify efforts, mitigate regional imbalances, ensure equitable supply, and address challenges. Key themes include facilitating policy dialogue, supporting investment, accelerating innovation, evaluating ESG standards, and building capabilities.

Conclusion

Effective risk management requires concerted global action to create a resilient, sustainable, and equitable mineral supply chain for the energy transition.