2011年-世界发展银行全球_Linking_Smallholders_to_Livestock_Markets_in_Tanzania___Combing_Market_and_Household_Survey_Data_19页_930kb

Summary of "Linking smallholders to livestock markets in Tanzania: Combining Market and Household Survey Data"

Core Content

This paper explores the integration of household survey data and livestock market data in Tanzania to support market-led rural development and poverty reduction. It emphasizes the importance of improving data systems to better inform policy and investment decisions in the livestock sector, which is a critical component of the national agricultural strategy.

The study is conducted by a joint effort of the World Bank, FAO, AU-IBAR, and ILRI, with support from the Gates Foundation. It draws on data from two key systems: the Tanzania National Panel Survey (TZNPS) and the Livestock Market Information Network and Knowledge System (LINKS). The goal is to recommend ways to enhance the integration of these data systems in line with the Tanzania Statistical Master Plan and the Global Strategy to Improve Agricultural and Rural Statistics.

Main Points

1. Importance of Market Access for Rural Development

• Linking farmers to markets is seen as a key milestone for promoting economic growth and poverty reduction in developing countries.
• In Tanzania, the livestock sector plays a significant role in rural livelihoods, with 37% of agricultural households dependent on livestock.
• The livestock sector is smallholder-based, with 94% of beef and 20% of poultry meat consumed in the country originating from smallholder producers.

2. Challenges in Livestock Data Collection and Use

• Current livestock data are inadequate, inconsistent, incomplete, and unreliable.
• There is a lack of responsibility for data verification at all levels, and data are not always accessible or used effectively.
• These data limitations hinder the ability of policymakers and investors to design and implement interventions that support market access and efficient resource allocation.

3. The Tanzania National Panel Survey (TZNPS)

• TZNPS is a multi-topic household survey that collects nationally representative data on household characteristics, wellbeing, and agricultural activities.
• It includes detailed livestock-related information, such as ownership, production, and sales of livestock and livestock products.
• TZNPS data reveal that:
  • Over 61% of rural households are involved in livestock activities.
  • Livestock contributes 13% to total household income on average, but up to 22% for livestock-dependent households.
  • Livestock-keeping households are more market-oriented, with a large portion of their livestock sold through traders or intermediaries.
  • The consumption of livestock products (meat, milk, eggs, poultry) is correlated with household income levels.
  • Beef is the most consumed livestock product, with high income-expenditure elasticity, indicating strong demand with increasing income.

4. The Livestock Market Information Network and Knowledge System (LINKS)

• LINKS is a market data collection system managed by the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MIT) to monitor livestock market trends.
• It collects price and volume data from 53 livestock markets, including 41 primary and 12 secondary markets across 18 of Tanzania’s 21 regions.
• Market monitors, who are local government officers, collect data on four types of livestock (cattle, goats, sheep, donkeys) and send it via mobile phone to MIT.
• The data are validated and then disseminated through weekly and monthly reports, as well as via media and the LINKS website.

5. Opportunities for Integration

• TZNPS provides detailed household-level data, while LINKS offers real-time market data.
• The integration of these data systems is essential to provide a comprehensive picture of the livestock sector and its linkages with markets.
• Joint use of TZNPS and LINKS data can support the design and implementation of effective policies and investments that promote market access and competitiveness for smallholder livestock producers.
• The integration of data systems is also critical for the successful implementation of the Tanzania Statistical Master Plan and the Global Strategy to Improve Agricultural and Rural Statistics.

Key Information

• Livestock Sector Role: Livestock contributes significantly to rural livelihoods, with over 1.75 million households (37% of all agricultural households) involved in livestock activities.
• Data Limitations: Both household and market data are limited in scope and quality, especially at the regional and district levels.
• TZNPS Insights:
  • Livestock-dependent households contribute more to household income.
  • Beef consumption is the highest, and its demand is expected to grow faster than other livestock products.
  • Income-expenditure elasticities indicate that beef is a key product for market development.
• LINKS Insights:
  • Provides real-time price and volume data for livestock markets.
  • Data are collected from 53 markets and disseminated weekly and monthly.
  • Dissemination includes both print and digital media.
• Policy Recommendations:
  • Enhance the integration of household and market data to support informed policy and investment decisions.
  • Strengthen data collection and verification systems to improve the reliability and timeliness of data.
  • Ensure that data are accessible and usable for both public and private actors.
  • Support the implementation of the Tanzania Statistical Master Plan and the Global Strategy to Improve Agricultural and Rural Statistics.

Conclusion

The integration of household and market data is crucial for understanding the dynamics of the livestock sector in Tanzania and for designing effective interventions that promote market access and rural development. This paper highlights the potential of combining TZNPS and LINKS data to improve decision-making and support the growth of the livestock sector in a market-driven and sustainable manner.