2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Mauritania_63页_1mb

Summary of Doing Business 2018: Mauritania

Core Content of the Report

The Doing Business 2018 report, published by the World Bank Group, evaluates the regulatory environment for businesses across 190 economies, focusing on 11 key indicators. These indicators assess the ease of doing business, including procedures, time, and cost for starting a business, obtaining construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, accessing credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation.

The report aims to provide objective data to encourage regulatory reforms, serve as a benchmark for business climate improvements, and support research and policy-making. It uses a standardized methodology to compare business regulations across economies and subnational regions, emphasizing transparency, efficiency, and accessibility.

Key Indicators and Data for Mauritania

1. Starting a Business

• Procedures (Men): 4
• Procedures (Women): 4
• Time (Men): 6 days
• Time (Women): 6 days
• Cost (% of income per capita): 19.3%
• Paid-in minimum capital (% of income per capita): 0.0%
• Ranking: 144th
• Distance to Frontier (DTF): 45.7

Mauritania's procedures involve notarizing the company deed, opening a bank account, submitting a single form to the Guichet Unique, and paying fees to the treasury representative. The cost is based on notarization fees, which vary with the company's capital. No minimum paid-in capital is required.

2. Dealing with Construction Permits

• Procedures: 13
• Time: 104 days
• Cost (% of warehouse value): 4.3%
• Building quality control index (0-15): 6.0
• Ranking: 137th
• DTF: 44.3

The process involves submitting a building permit application, contacting electricity and water companies, receiving inspections, and obtaining a certificate of conformity. The quality control index is relatively low, indicating weaknesses in regulatory clarity and enforcement.

3. Getting Electricity

• Procedures: Not specified in detail
• Time: Not specified in detail
• Cost (% of warehouse value): 0.25%
• Reliability of supply: Not specified
• Transparency of tariffs: Not specified

The report highlights the cost and time required for businesses to obtain a permanent electricity connection for a new warehouse. However, detailed data on reliability and tariff transparency are not provided in this summary.

Main Views and Key Information

1. Regulatory Environment Overview

• Region: Sub-Saharan Africa
• Income Category: Lower middle income
• Population: 4,301,018
• GNI per Capita (US$): 1,120
• City Covered: Nouakchott
• Ease of Doing Business Ranking: 144th
• Distance to Frontier (DTF): 45.7

Mauritania faces significant challenges in business regulation, particularly in construction and starting a business. The report suggests that the country has room for improvement in terms of regulatory efficiency, transparency, and access to services like electricity.

2. Methodology and Assumptions

• The report uses a standardized business model (a 100% domestically owned limited liability company with 5 owners and a start-up capital of 10 times income per capita) to ensure consistency across economies.
• Procedures are evaluated based on time (in calendar days) and cost (as a percentage of income per capita or warehouse value).
• The data excludes bribes and includes only official costs.
• Online procedures are counted as 0.5 days.
• For economies with legal plurality, the data reflects the majority legal system.

3. Challenges in Business Regulation

• Starting a business: While the number of procedures is similar for men and women, the cost is relatively high compared to other regions, and the process is not as streamlined as in OECD high-income economies.
• Construction permits: The process is lengthy (104 days) and involves multiple agencies. The building quality control index is low, indicating deficiencies in regulations, inspections, and legal liability frameworks.
• Electricity access: Although the cost is relatively low (0.25% of capital), the report does not provide detailed data on the reliability of supply or tariff transparency.

4. Recommendations and Reforms

• The report recommends reforms to improve the ease of doing business, particularly in reducing the number of procedures, shortening the time required, and lowering the cost of starting a business and obtaining construction permits.
• Enhancing the transparency and accessibility of building regulations and improving the quality control and enforcement mechanisms are critical for progress.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2018 report provides a comprehensive assessment of business regulations in Mauritania, highlighting areas where the country lags behind in terms of efficiency and regulatory quality. While the cost of starting a business is low, the overall process is time-consuming and involves multiple bureaucratic steps. The construction permit process is particularly burdensome, with a high number of procedures and a low quality control index. These findings underscore the need for regulatory reforms to improve the business environment in Mauritania.