2023-03-20-法国电力公司_德勤-通往净零的路径_66页_3mb

Pathways to Net Zero: The Innovation Imperative Summary

This report underscores the critical role of climate technology innovation in achieving global net zero emissions by 2050. It identifies three key abatement solutions: climate technology, behavior change, and natural solutions, with technology being pivotal. Current innovations are insufficient, leaving a $38 trillion funding gap and a significant emissions shortfall, necessitating urgent action.

The Net Zero Gap

The "Net Zero Gap" arises from systemic barriers, including economic constraints, infrastructure shortages, and policy uncertainties. Limiting global warming to 1.5°C requires accelerated deployment of climate technologies. The business-as-usual scenario shows inadequacy, with existing solutions failing to close the gap unless paired with technological advancements.

The Big 3 Climate Technology Foundations

These clean energy technologies are foundational for decarbonization:

• Renewable Electricity (solar, wind): Dominant in emissions reduction, but faces land and variability issues.
• Grid Connectivity and Storage (batteries, clean hydrogen, smart grids): Essential for managing renewable energy, but cost and leakage risks pose challenges.
• Sustainable Fuels (biofuels, green ammonia): Key for hard-to-electrify sectors, but subsidies and deployment barriers hinder progress.

The Extended 10 Key Supporting Technologies

These technologies address specific sectors and complement the Big 3:

• Concrete CCUS: Reduces cement emissions but requires regulatory oversight.
• Green Steel: Lowers steel production emissions through hydrogen or CCUS.
• Alternative Refrigerants: Reduces potent GHGs in buildings.
• Building Insulation: Enhances energy efficiency but needs incentives.
• Battery EVs and Charging Networks: Drives transportation decarbonization.
• Methane Inhibitors and Digesters: Mitigates agriculture emissions.
• Precision Agriculture: Optimizes farming with digital tools.
• Direct Air Capture: Removes existing emissions but is expensive.
• Nuclear Energy: Provides scalable clean power with safety concerns.
• Carbon Removal: Includes DAC and enhanced weathering.

Action Recommendations

Companies and investors should:

• Set renewable energy targets and engage in Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs).
• Advocate for policies and incentives supporting innovation.
• Invest in R&D, partnerships, and pilot projects.
• Address equity, ESG, and externalities to ensure inclusive progress.

Conclusion

Innovation is imperative to bridge the net zero gap. Companies pioneering climate technologies can lead the transition, driving both business value and environmental equity. Collaboration across sectors and policy advocacy is crucial for timely success.

Environmental Defense Fund and Deloitte Consulting, LLP. ©October 2022.