2025-12-11-世界卫生组织-Wastewater_and_Environmental_Surveillance_summary_for_a_combined_suite_of_respiratory_viruses_19页_587kb

Wastewater and Environmental Surveillance (WES) Summary for a Combined Suite of Respiratory Viruses

• Key Findings:

  • Actionability & Feasibility: Technically feasible for monitoring ≥3 respiratory viruses (e.g., SARS-CoV-2, IAV/IBV, RSV) in sewered settings. Moderate for acceptability and cross-cutting criteria, but insufficient evidence for non-sewered systems.
  • Monitoring Data: WES generally leads clinical data by 1-3 weeks and lags by months during seasonal rises. Correlation increases with viral prevalence.
  • Prevalence & Sampling: High SARS-CoV-2 contributes to better WES outcomes. Recommended sampling frequency: daily for early warning, weekly for broad trends.
  • Methods: PCR-based tests are predominant. Standard methods exist for SARS-CoV-2, IAV/IBV, and RSV, but variability persists in sample handling and normalization.
  • Integration: WES complements clinical surveillance and can support actions like vaccination, hospital preparedness, and public awareness.

• Considerations:

  • Non-Sewered Settings: Methodologies and data gaps limit applicability. Localized testing in wastewater/gathering points is suggested.
  • Normalization Biases: Virus-specific stability (e.g., PMMoV is more stable than RSV) influences data comparability.
  • Lab & Reporting: Standardize workflows. Public health communication should highlight risks transparently.

• Key Challenges:

  • Cost & Gain: Integrating WES into existing systems is cost-effective; prioritize robust viruses (SARS-CoV-2) for baseline.
  • Health Impact: Identify effective public health actions from WES data, with inconsistent success across contexts.
  • Research Gaps: Need standardized protocols (especially for non-sewered systems) and clarifications on animal contamination's impact on IAV WES.

Appendices:

• Key Knowledge Gaps: Requires further study on integrations, sampling, and animal virus contributions.
• Applied Research Priorities: Focus on establishing standardized multi-target approaches and improving method sensitivity.