2013-04-20-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_weekly_bulletin_15_-_21_April_2013_18页_687kb

报告摘要

Week: 16, Date Range: April 15-21, 2013
Region: West Africa
Countries Involved: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Ivory Coast, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, South Sudan, Chad, Sudan, Togo

Total Notified Cases: 230 cases, Deaths: 22 (case fatality rate: 9.6%)
Epidemic Alerts:
- ** Cameroon:** Kumbo West district reached the alert threshold (attack rate: 5.2)
- South Sudan: Malakal district crossed the epidemic threshold (attack rate: 15.8)
High-Risk Countries:
- Guinea’s Siguiri district nears the alert threshold (attack rate: 4.8), with sub-districts already in epidemic phase
- Burkina Faso: Highest cases (176) and alert rate (11.9% in 2013)
- Cameroon: Significant outbreak in Kumbo West district

Total Cumulative Cases: 6,468, Deaths: 623 (CFR: 9.6%)
Countries with Active Transmission:
- Benin (100% notification rate), Burkina Faso (100% notification rate), Chad (transmission ongoing)
Highest Attack Rate: South Sudan (7.4%)

Specimen Collection: CSF samples analyzed from 6,468 suspected cases (~17.9%)
Identified Pathogens:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn): Most common pathogen, 91 confirmed cases
- W135: 32 cases
- Neisseria meningitidis (NmC): 11 cases (Nigeria), 2 cases (DRC)
Vaccination Status:
- Countries partially vaccinated with MenAfriVac (e.g., Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger)
- Full or pending vaccination where outbreaks are occurring (e.g., Nigeria, South Sudan)

Outbreaks are ongoing in multiple countries, particularly in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, South Sudan, and Nigeria.
Reactive vaccination campaigns using ACW135 trivalent vaccine planned for areas near epidemic thresholds.
The WHO/International Country Group (ICG) continues to support surveillance and response efforts.

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