英文_IEA_PVPS_2024意大利光伏建筑一体化技术创新系统分析报告（英文版）_46页_2mb

Summary of the Analysis of the Technological Innovation System for BIPV in Italy

Core Content

This report presents a comprehensive analysis of the Technological Innovation System (TIS) for Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) in Italy, focusing on the structural and functional aspects of the innovation system, its development over time, and the challenges it faces. The analysis is part of IEA PVPS Task 15, which aims to create an enabling framework for the global deployment of BIPV technology.

Main Viewpoints

• BIPV Definition: BIPV modules and systems are defined as photovoltaic components integrated into the building structure, fulfilling both energy generation and construction functions.
• Historical Development: BIPV in Italy began in the early 2000s with the "10.000 Photovoltaic Roofs" program. The FiT schemes, especially the second FiT Law (2007), played a pivotal role in driving BIPV innovation and market growth.
• Incentive Schemes: The FiT Law and later the Superbonus tax deduction mechanism have been key drivers for BIPV deployment. These schemes provided financial support and incentives, promoting the integration of PV into buildings.
• Market Dynamics: The BIPV market experienced a significant boost during the FiT era, with over 2.5 GW of installed capacity. After the FiT scheme ended, the market declined but has seen a recovery since 2017.
• Innovation System Components: The TIS includes technology, actors, institutions, and their interactions. These components are analyzed to identify systemic problems and opportunities for improvement.
• Challenges: The BIPV market faces challenges such as a lack of a dedicated BIPV association, high product costs, performance issues, and regulatory hurdles, especially in historical cities.
• Recommendations: The report suggests integrating BIPV into national regulations, improving certification processes, involving finance in the BIPV business, and addressing architectural and regulatory issues in historical centers.

Key Information

2.1 Scope of the Analysis

• Focuses on BIPV modules and systems.
• BIPV modules are photovoltaic components that are also construction products.
• BIPV systems are photovoltaic systems integrated into the building, including electrical and mechanical components.

2.2 Historical Technological Development

• The first BIPV program was "10.000 Photovoltaic Roofs" (2000s), emphasizing architectural integration.
• The second FiT Law (2007) introduced three levels of integration: not integrated, partially integrated, and totally integrated.
• Innovative BIPV products include special modules and components, with a focus on energy efficiency and architectural integration.
• The second FiT Law also introduced energy efficiency as a key criterion for BIPV incentives.

2.3 Historical Development of the Innovation System

• The BIPV market initially involved PV industry players and construction companies.
• New actors, such as patent attorneys and certification bodies, entered the market due to the need for European patent compliance.
• After the end of FiT, the market declined, but recovery began in 2017 with the introduction of new incentive mechanisms.
• The Superbonus (110% tax deduction) has become a key driver for BAPV and BIPV in recent years.

3.1 Technology

• BIPV materials and products are developed by research institutes, universities, and industry players.
• New BIPV products, such as small tiles and coloured modules, are specifically designed for historical cities.
• Performance and reliability have improved significantly since the FiT era, with the establishment of more robust certification processes.

3.2 Actors and Networks

• The BIPV industry includes specialized manufacturers, small tile producers, and niche glass-glass module producers.
• Manufacturers from the PV industry have been the first to enter the BIPV market, focusing on mounting systems.
• The construction industry has also contributed to the development of innovative BIPV modules.

3.3 Institutions

• The Italian Electrotechnical Committee (CEI) and other regulatory bodies have played a significant role in setting technical and legislative standards for BIPV.
• GSE (Gestore dei Servizi Energetici S.p.A) has been instrumental in supporting BIPV development through its institutional role and stakeholder engagement.

4. Phase of Development and Target Definition

• The BIPV market in Italy has evolved from an initial focus on architectural integration to a more diverse range of products and applications.
• The target market includes both new and existing buildings, with a particular emphasis on historical centers.

5. Functional Analysis

• The TIS functions analyzed include Knowledge Development, Knowledge Dissemination, Entrepreneurial Experimentation, Resource Mobilization, Development of Social Capital, Legitimation, Guidance of the Search, and Market Formation.
• The analysis used stakeholder interviews, publications, and patent data to evaluate the effectiveness of these functions.
• The report highlights the importance of self-consumption, energy communities, and energy income projects in the BIPV market.

6. System Weaknesses and Strengths

• Weaknesses: Lack of a BIPV association, high product costs, performance issues, and regulatory barriers in historical centers.
• Strengths: Strong historical focus on architectural integration, presence of specialized actors, and a robust regulatory framework.

7. Recommendations

• Integrate BIPV into national regulations.
• Improve certification processes and reduce costs.
• Engage public administration and finance in BIPV development.
• Address architectural and regulatory issues in historical cities.
• Support innovation through research and development, and encourage collaboration between industry and academia.

Conclusion

The report concludes that BIPV in Italy has significant potential, supported by historical incentive schemes and a growing awareness of energy efficiency and sustainability. However, to fully realize this potential, the TIS must be strengthened through better regulation, certification, and stakeholder engagement. The integration of BIPV into historical cities remains a key challenge that requires a multidisciplinary approach.