UNDP-进展与危险：艾滋病毒与全球取消对同性的刑事定罪（英）-2023.11-56页_677kb

Summary: Progress and the Peril: HIV and Global De/criminalization of Same-Sex Sex

Key Findings:

• Decriminalization Trend: Growing momentum, with 13 countries decriminalizing consensual same-sex sex in 2022 (highest annual rate). More countries now do not criminalize such acts (up from ~70% in 2017).
• Positive Impacts: Decriminalization linked to lower HIV rates among gay men & men who have sex with men (MSM), higher testing & viral suppression, and reduced stigma.
• Ongoing Challenges:
  • Some countries still criminalize, with 24% failing even to enforce recent prosecutions.
  • New laws in areas like Uganda and Brunei increase penalties or expand criminalization.
  • Intersectional issues affect transgender people, globally facing violence and legal barriers.
• Economic & Human Rights: Decriminalization has macro-level economic benefits, reduces enforcement costs, and aligns with public health goals.
• Call to Action: Urgent need to reach the 10-10-10 targets (10% criminalization, 10% stigma, 10% gender inequality) by 2025, with focus on legal reforms, data alignment, and creating enabling environments.