2007-10-03-皮尤-World_Publics_Welcome_Global_Trade_—_But_Not_Immigration_144页_2mb

Summary of Key Findings from the 2007 Pew Global Attitudes Survey:

1. Globalization:

   • Publics worldwide broadly support free trade, free markets, and economic globalization, with notable growth in Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe.
   • Concerns about immigration and cultural threats are widespread, with many favoring stricter border controls, especially where economic conditions worsen.

2. Immigration:

   • Publics in both affluent and developing nations express concerns about immigration, linking it to fears of cultural loss.
   • Opinions vary by region: North Americans and Europeans show mixed views, while some Middle Eastern and African countries express stronger opposition.

3. Religion and Morality:

   • A consensus exists that faith in God is necessary for morality in many regions (Africa, Asia, Middle East), but Western Europeans and those in more secular societies reject this view.
   • Views on homosexuality are divided, with Western countries more accepting and many Muslim-majority nations opposing it.

4. Democratic Values:

   • Democracy and core democratic principles are broadly endorsed, but many view their implementation as inadequate. Support for an impartial judiciary and free speech varies significantly by region, with higher concerns in the Middle East.

5. Economic Concerns:

   • Majorities prioritize economic growth over environmental protection, though environmental concerns are increasing in many countries.
   • Many worry about corruption and economic instability, sometimes downplaying basic rights in favor of immediate economic needs.

6. Gender and Social Issues:

   • Support for gender equality in education and politics grows, but significant opposition persists in some Muslim-majority countries regarding women’s leadership and veil-wearing rights.

7. Technology and Media:

   • Cell phone ownership surged, while traditional media use declines. Internet adoption is uneven, with the Global South lagging despite gains.

8. Cultural Protection:

   • Eight-in-ten publics believe their traditional way of life is at risk and support measures to protect it, linking these views to immigration concerns.

9. Health:

   • Views on healthcare vary, but China saw a decline in trust, while Muslim-majority countries generally express more openness to modern medicine.

Overall, globalization, economic benefits, and cultural identity shape public opinions globally, with significant regional and generational differences.