2013年-世界发展银行全球_The_Water_Portfolio_of_the_World_Bank___Insights_from_a_Review_of_Fiscal_Year_2011_96页_1mb

Summary of Water Papers - June 2013

Core Content

This document presents a detailed review of the World Bank's water portfolio for Fiscal Year (FY) 2011, conducted by the Water Anchor in collaboration with various departments and consultants. It is part of a broader initiative to enhance the understanding and strategic direction of the World Bank's water-related activities.

Main Objectives

• To provide in-depth insights into the World Bank's water portfolio.
• To inform about portfolio trends and strategic themes.
• To support the Water Anchor and the Water Sector Board in sector strategy development.
• To guide outreach and knowledge activities within the Bank-wide Water Practice.

Key Findings

Water-related Commitments

• Overall WBG Commitments (FY02–11): Water-related commitments accounted for about 95% of the total WBG managed commitments for water. These commitments increased more than five-fold, from US$1.3 billion in FY02 to US$7.4 billion in FY11, primarily due to increased focus on water supply and sanitation.
• FY11 Commitments: In FY11, 105 water-related IBRD and IDA projects were approved. The East Asia and Pacific (EAP) and South Asia (SAR) regions had the highest regional commitments (30% and 29% respectively), while Africa had the most projects (33).

Designated Projects

• Designated Projects: 63 of the 105 water-related projects were designated, meaning more than 33% of their total commitments were water-related.
• Strategic Themes: Of the designated projects:
  • 53% had an explicit poverty focus.
  • 52% were gender-informed.
  • 25% addressed climate change adaptation.
  • 67% included cost recovery mechanisms.

Analytic and Advisory Activities (AAA)

• ESW and TA Products: In FY11, 73 ESW and 69 TA products were delivered, totaling US$21.6 million in expenditure.
• Funding Sources: Trust funds contributed 61% of the total expenditure, while the Water Sector Board was the most important sector board, though it accounted for less than half of the AAA expenditure.
• Other Sector Boards: Environment (ENV), Urban Development (UD), and Agriculture and Rural Development (ARD) were also significant contributors.

Project Mapping

• Sector Board Mapping: Most water-related projects were mapped to other sector boards rather than the Water Sector Board (WAT):
  • 22% were mapped to WAT (mostly water supply and sanitation).
  • Irrigation and drainage projects were mapped to ARD.
  • Hydropower projects were mapped to EMT.
  • Flood protection projects were mapped to UD.

Key Indicators

• Core Sector Indicators (CSIs):
  • 5.1 million people were expected to gain access to improved water sources.
  • 2.7 million people were expected to gain access to improved sanitation.
  • 2.0 million hectares of land were expected to benefit from improved irrigation and drainage services.
• Other Key Indicators: Included flood protection, water resources management, and pollution-related activities.

Methodological Approach

The FY11 portfolio review was structured in six steps:

1. Project Universe Definition: All projects with water-related sector and theme codes were included, such as:

   • Sector codes: AI (Irrigation and Drainage), BW (Public Administration - Water, Sanitation and Flood Protection), LH (Hydropower), WA (Sanitation), WC (Water Supply), WD (Flood Protection), WS (Sewerage), WT (Wastewater Collection and Transportation), WV (Wastewater Treatment and Disposal), WZ (General Water, Sanitation and Flood Protection).
   • Theme code: 85 (Water Resources Management).

2. Subset Selection: For crosscutting and additional key topics, only "designated" projects with a significant share of water-related commitments were selected.

3. Data Collection: The World Bank's internal project database was the main data source. For designated projects, data were also collected from Project Appraisal Documents (PADs) using a newly developed questionnaire.

4. Questionnaire Design: The questionnaire was used to assess core sector indicators, crosscutting issues, and additional key topics.

5. Analysis and Reporting: Data were analyzed across four main areas: WBG managed commitments, IBRD/IDA commitments, designated projects, and AAA products.

6. Recommendations: The report recommends expanding the review to include more in-depth qualitative analysis of projects and products, involving thematic groups, and improving the focus on crosscutting issues like poverty, gender, and climate change.

Recommendations

• The Water Anchor should engage more with Task Team Leaders (TTLs) responsible for water-related projects not mapped to the Water Sector Board.
• Collaboration with other sector boards (ARD, EMT, UD, ENV) is necessary to address crosscutting issues.
• The FY12 portfolio review should follow the same methodological approach and include more qualitative reviews of projects and AAA products.
• Future reviews should focus on identifying trends, innovations, and thematic shifts in the water portfolio.

Conclusion

The FY11 review highlights the increasing importance of water-related activities in the World Bank's portfolio, especially in water supply and sanitation. It also emphasizes the need for more strategic integration and collaboration across sector boards to address key thematic issues and improve the effectiveness of water-related projects. The review provides a solid foundation for ongoing and future strategic development in the water sector.