2014年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2015___Mongolia_89页_1mb

报告摘要

Doing Business 2015: Mongolia Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2015 report evaluates the ease of doing business in 189 economies, focusing on regulatory practices that impact small to medium-sized businesses across 11 key areas. Mongolia's profile is part of this global analysis, providing a detailed comparison with other economies in the region and globally.

Main Methodology Changes

Ease of Doing Business Ranking: Based on distance to frontier scores, which measure how far an economy is from the best practices.
Additional Data for Large Economies: For 11 economies with populations over 100 million, data for a second city was added.
Revised Getting Credit Indicators:
- The strength of legal rights index now ranges from 0 to 12 instead of 0 to 10.
- The depth of credit information index ranges from 0 to 8 instead of 0 to 6.
- Credit bureaus and registries must cover at least 5% of the adult population to be scored.
Renamed and Expanded Indicators:
- Protecting Investors became Protecting Minority Investors and now includes corporate governance aspects beyond related-party transactions.
- Resolving Insolvency includes an index measuring the strength of the legal framework for insolvency.
Updated Paying Taxes Methodology: The total tax rate component is now calculated non-linearly.
Renamed Employing Workers to Labor Market Regulation, now focusing on the retail sector and including regulations on labor disputes and worker benefits.

Key Business Environment Indicators

Ease of Doing Business Ranking

DB2015 Rank: 72
DB2014 Rank: 70 (adjusted for methodology changes)
Rank Change: -2

Distance to Frontier (DTF) Score

DB2015 DTF: 65
DB2014 DTF: 64.4
DTF Change: +0.6

Business Regulation Highlights

Starting a Business

Rank: 42 (DB2015), 38 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 91.33 (DB2015), 91.29 (DB2014)
Procedures: 5 (DB2015), 5 (DB2014)
Time (days): 11 (DB2015), 11 (DB2014)
Cost (% of income per capita): 1.2 (DB2015), 1.5 (DB2014)
Best Performer: New Zealand (rank 1, DTF score 99.96)

Dealing with Construction Permits

Rank: 74 (DB2015), 75 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 74.62 (DB2015), 74.61 (DB2014)
Procedures: 16 (DB2015), 16 (DB2014)
Time (days): 137 (DB2015), 137 (DB2014)
Cost (% of warehouse value): 0.0 (DB2015), 0.0 (DB2014)
Best Performer: Hong Kong SAR, China (rank 1, DTF score 95.53)

Getting Electricity

Rank: 142 (DB2015), 143 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 60.91 (DB2015), 60.42 (DB2014)
Procedures: 8 (DB2015), 8 (DB2014)
Time (days): 79 (DB2015), 79 (DB2014)
Cost (% of income per capita): 600.6 (DB2015), 719.9 (DB2014)
Best Performer: Korea, Rep. (rank 1, DTF score 99.83)

Registering Property

Rank: 30 (DB2015), 31 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 82.76 (DB2015), 82.72 (DB2014)
Procedures: 5 (DB2015), 5 (DB2014)
Time (days): 10.5 (DB2015), 10.5 (DB2014)
Cost (% of property value): 2.1 (DB2015), 2.1 (DB2014)
Best Performer: Georgia (rank 1, DTF score 99.88)

Getting Credit

Rank: 61 (DB2015), 55 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 55.00 (DB2015), 55.00 (DB2014)
Strength of Legal Rights Index (0–12): 5 (DB2015), 5 (DB2014)
Depth of Credit Information Index (0–8): 6 (DB2015), 6 (DB2014)
Credit Registry Coverage (% of Adults): 32.7 (DB2015), 58.3 (DB2014)
Best Performer: New Zealand (rank 1, DTF score 100)

Protecting Minority Investors

Rank: 17 (DB2015), 21 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 67.50 (DB2015), 65.83 (DB2014)
Conflict of Interest Regulation Index (0–10): 7.0 (DB2015), 6.7 (DB2014)
Shareholder Governance Index (0–10): 6.5 (DB2015), 6.5 (DB2014)
Minority Investor Protection Index (0–10): 6.8 (DB2015), 6.6 (DB2014)
Best Performer: New Zealand (rank 1, DTF score 81.67)

Paying Taxes

Rank: 84 (DB2015), 100 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 73.79 (DB2015), 71.52 (DB2014)
Number of Payments per Year: 41 (DB2015), 41 (DB2014)
Time (hours per year): 148 (DB2015), 192 (DB2014)
Best Performer: United Arab Emirates (rank 1, DTF score 99.44)

Trading Across Borders

Rank: 173 (DB2015), 175 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 30.18 (DB2015), 27.84 (DB2014)
Documents to Export: 11 (DB2015), 11 (DB2014)
Time to Export (days): 44 (DB2015), 44 (DB2014)
Cost to Export (US$ per container): 2,745.0 (DB2015), 2,745.0 (DB2014)
Best Performer: Timor-Leste (cost 410.0)

Enforcing Contracts

Rank: 24 (DB2015), 24 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 70.17 (DB2015), 70.17 (DB2014)
Time (days): 374 (DB2015), 374 (DB2014)
Cost (% of claim): 30.6 (DB2015), 30.6 (DB2014)
Best Performer: Singapore (rank 1, DTF score 89.54)

Resolving Insolvency

Rank: 90 (DB2015), 87 (DB2014)
DTF Score: 43.93 (DB2015), 44.05 (DB2014)
Time (years): 4.0 (DB2015), (DB2014)
Cost (% of estate): 15.0 (DB2015), 15.0 (DB2014)
Recovery Rate (cents on the dollar): 17.8 (DB2015), 18.0 (DB2014)
Best Performer: Finland (rank 1, DTF score 93.85)

Key Findings

Mongolia's ease of doing business ranking and DTF score have slightly improved from 2014 to 2015.
Starting a business is among the easier processes, with a DTF score of 91.33.
Getting electricity remains a significant challenge, with a DTF score of 60.91.
Registering property is relatively efficient, with a DTF score of 82.76.
Getting credit is difficult, with a DTF score of 55.00.
Protecting minority investors has improved, but still lags behind global best practices.
Paying taxes is a major bottleneck, with a DTF score of 73.79.
Trading across borders is a critical weakness, with a DTF score of 30.18.
Enforcing contracts is moderate, with a DTF score of 70.17.
Resolving insolvency is a major challenge, with a DTF score of 43.93.

Conclusion

Mongolia's business environment is still challenging, particularly in areas such as trading across borders and resolving insolvency. While some indicators have shown improvement, such as starting a business and protecting minority investors, others remain problematic, especially paying taxes and getting credit. The report highlights the importance of regulatory reform in enhancing the business environment and competitiveness.

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