2024-12-08-兰德-跨性别和性别扩张青年性别焦虑及相关健康问题的干预-为实践_政策和研究提供信息的利益和风险的系统回顾（英）_99页_971kb

• Psychosocial Interventions: Reduced suicidality and depression but evidence was very low certainty. Short-term decreases in suicidality were seen with coping-focused videos.
• Puberty-Suppressing Hormones: Delayed puberty, measured in 49 studies. Benefits large but evidence low certainty. No significant effects on gender dysphoria, mental health, regret, or side effects due to very low certainty.
• Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Initiated puberty changes, supported by 56 studies. Evidence low certainty. Improved physical changes and body satisfaction but minimal effect on mental health and gender dysphoria.
• Gender-Affirming Surgeries: Reduced dysphoria and improved body satisfaction mainly in mastectomies (low certainty). Very low certainty for mental health, regret, or side effects.
• Reproductive Health Interventions: Successful fertility preservation for oocytes, embryos, or semen reported in 9 studies, rated very low certainty.
• Treatment of Co-Occurring Disorders: Showed no clear benefits for eating disorders or depression/anxiety. No change in gender dysphoria with autism treatment.
• Gender Identity and Expression Change Efforts: Increased suicidality, minimal effects on mental health; very low certainty.

All outcomes had low or very low certainty of evidence. Practitioners should use evidence-informed approaches due to frequent uncertainty.