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FYSA Summary: Issue 19 | May 2015

Core Content

FYSA (For Your Situational Awareness) is a monthly electronic publication by the International Security Program (ISP) at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). It provides insights into U.S. defense and security policy, recent events, and expert analyses. The May 2015 issue covers a range of topics including upcoming and recent events, budgetary challenges, regional security engagement, and the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) review conference.

Upcoming Events

• SMART WOMEN, SMART POWER SPEAKER SERIES:

  • Speaker: Frances Townsend, former Homeland Security Adviser
  • Date: Thursday, June 18, 2015
  • Time: 5:30 p.m. – 6:30 p.m.
  • Location: CSIS, 1616 Rhode Island Ave., NW

• PROJECT ATOM:

  • Date: Monday, June 22, 2015 (tentative)
  • Location: CSIS, 1616 Rhode Island Ave., NW

Recent Events

• NEXT GENERATION DIALOGUE ON INDUSTRY AND DEFENSE: GLOBALIZATION VS. THE CULTURE OF NATIONAL SECURITY

  • Keynote Speaker: William "Bill" Lynn, CEO, Finmeccanica North America and DRS Technologies Inc.
  • Panelists: Stanley Sims (Defense Security Service), Chris Griner (Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP)

• MARITIME SECURITY DIALOGUE: THE FUTURE OF THE SILENT SERVICE

  • Speaker: Vice Admiral Michael J. Connor (USN), discussing the future of U.S. Submarine Forces

• NEXT GENERATION DIALOGUE ON INDUSTRY AND DEFENSE: RETHINKING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

  • Speaker: Wes Bush, Chairman, CEO, and President, Northrop Grumman

Budgetary and Management Challenges

• Overhead Costs in DOD:
  • DOD's overhead is a common point of criticism.
  • Recommendations to cut overhead often focus on reducing it to free up funds for investment.
  • Despite past cuts (e.g., under Secretaries Gates and Hagel), the issue remains due to the complexity of organizational restructuring.
  • Automatic reductions may occur as forces shrink, but deliberate cuts are difficult due to the perceived necessity of certain structures.
  • The 1990s saw successful external management reviews to address overhead; a similar approach may be needed today.

Regional Security Engagement

• U.S. Security Assistance in the Middle East and Pacific:
  • The U.S. continues to provide security assistance, particularly in the Middle East and Pacific regions.
  • Traditional measures include training and arms transfers, but these understate the true extent of support.
  • Contract Spending is an alternative metric that reflects the U.S. footprint in the region.
  • In FY2014, Pacific Command spent $8 billion, while Central Command spent $7.1 billion.
  • Contract spending in GCC countries has remained high since FY2008, with the exception of Kuwait, where it has dropped by half.
  • The U.S. is likely to maintain a high level of engagement in the GCC despite the withdrawal from Iraq.

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference

• 2015 NPT Review Conference:
  • The conference ended without a consensus document due to disagreements on key issues.
  • Major hurdles included the WMD-free zone in the Middle East and the humanitarian impact of nuclear weapons.
  • Egypt's diplomats pushed to undermine the process, demanding changes that would exclude key stakeholders.
  • Nuclear disarmament remains a contentious issue, with nuclear weapon states favoring a step-by-step approach.
  • The NPT will likely survive, but future progress depends on resolving U.S.-Russia tensions and the Iran nuclear deal.

Media Highlights

• General Joseph Dunford's Nomination:
  • Kathleen Hicks praises Dunford's integrity and understanding of fiscal efficiency.
• Trident Missile Deterrent:
  • Tom Karako argues that an independent nuclear actor in the region, such as the UK's Trident, enhances deterrence.
• Nonproliferation Challenges:
  • Sharon Squassoni warns of new proliferation risks despite progress in reducing HEU use.

Homeland Security Program (HSCP)

• DHS Growth and Challenges:
  • DHS is 14 years old and faces increasing complexity due to growth in areas like international air travel and container commerce.
  • The HSCP is reinvigorating its focus on homeland security issues, including immigration reform, violent extremism, border control, and cargo screening.
  • The program will host at least three significant events per year and produce written analyses, podcasts, and social media content.
  • The new DHS visiting fellow, Adam Cox, will work with HSCP affiliates to shape the agenda for the next administration.

Recent Publications

• "Defense Reform Consensus":
  • An open letter with 39 signatories from 15 think tanks urging defense budget reform.
• Marine General Joseph F. Dunford Jr.:
  • Analysis of his challenges as the new chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
• Ash Carter's Pentagon Innovation:
  • Andrew P. Hunter's critical evaluation of Carter's efforts to rewire the Pentagon.
• Missile Defense in the GCC:
  • Tom Karako's recommendations for improving missile defense cooperation.
• Camp David Summit:
  • Melissa Dalton's take on how to save Obama's summit.
• North Korean Nuclear Threat:
  • Sharon Squassoni's cautionary article on the growing North Korean nuclear threat and Chinese warnings.

Additional Information

• FYSA is produced by the ISP at CSIS, a nonpartisan and nonproprietary research institution.
• For more information or to contact the ISP, visit www.csis.org/isp or email intIsecurity@csis.org.
• Follow CSIS on social media for updates and insights.