2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Saudi_Arabia_65页_1mb

Doing Business 2018: Reforming to Create Jobs Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2018 report, published by the World Bank Group, evaluates the regulatory environment for businesses in 190 economies. It provides quantitative indicators that measure the ease of doing business and highlights the distance to frontier (DTF) scores, which reflect how close an economy is to the best practices observed globally. The report encourages policy reforms aimed at improving the business climate and creating jobs.

Main Topics and Indicators

The report focuses on the following key business regulatory areas:

• Starting a Business
• Dealing with Construction Permits
• Getting Electricity
• Registering Property
• Getting Credit
• Protecting Minority Investors
• Paying Taxes
• Trading Across Borders
• Enforcing Contracts
• Resolving Insolvency
• Labor Market Regulation

Each indicator includes procedures, time, cost, and other relevant factors that influence the ease of doing business.

Key Information on Saudi Arabia

Economy Profile

• Region: Middle East & North Africa
• Income Category: High income
• Population: 32,275,687
• GNI Per Capita (US$): 21,750
• City Covered: Riyadh
• Ease of Doing Business Ranking: Not explicitly mentioned, but DTF scores are provided.

Starting a Business

• Procedures: 10 for men, 12 for women.
• Time: 17 days for men, 19 days for women.
• Cost: 6.8% of income per capita for both.
• Paid-in Minimum Capital: 0% of income per capita (no minimum capital required).

Procedures for Women:

1. Obtain a stand-alone ID card for a woman (1 day, no charge).
2. Obtain husband’s permission to leave the house (1 day, no charge).

Procedures for Men and Women (Shared):
3. Reserve the company name and submit Articles of Association (5 days, no charge).
4. Notarize the Articles of Association (1 day, no charge).
5. Pay company registration fees (less than 1 day, online procedure; total cost: SAR 3,700).
6. Open an "under-formation" bank account (1 day, no charge).
7. Obtain a business location license from the Municipality (4 days, SAR 1,000).
8. Register with the Ministry of Labor (1 day, no charge).
9. Register with the Post Office "Wasel" (less than 1 day, online procedure; SAR 500).
10. Make a company seal (1 day, SAR 50).
11. Register with the General Organization for Social Insurance (GOSI) (1 day, no charge).
12. Register with the Department of Zakat (3 days, no charge).

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Procedures: 17
• Time: 89.5 days
• Cost: 2.3% of warehouse value
• Building Quality Control Index: 12.0 (out of 15)

Standardized Warehouse Details:

• Estimated Value: SAR 3,846,610.70
• Location: Riyadh
• Size: 1,300.6 square meters (two stories)
• Construction Time: 30 weeks

Procedures:

1. Obtain a geotechnical study / soil test (7 days, SAR 4,000).
2. Obtain surveyor’s report from Riyadh Municipality (3 days, no charge).
3. Obtain a topographical study of the land (2 days, SAR 1,500).
4. Apply for building approval and request inspection (7 days, SAR 7,804).

Key Observations

• The distance to frontier (DTF) score for Saudi Arabia is used to compare performance with other economies.
• The report emphasizes that gender-specific procedures exist, particularly for women, which increase the number of steps and time required to start a business.
• Online procedures are recognized and reduce the time by accounting for 0.5 days.
• The costs for starting a business and dealing with construction permits are relatively low compared to other regions, but the number of procedures and time are higher than in some of the best-performing economies, such as New Zealand and Denmark.
• The DTF score helps identify areas where Saudi Arabia can improve to match global best practices.

Purpose of the Report

• To provide objective measures of business regulations and their enforcement.
• To encourage reforms that improve the regulatory environment for business.
• To offer benchmarks for economic performance and help governments, academics, and private sector stakeholders understand the business climate in each economy.

Methodology Notes

• The report uses a standardized business model to ensure comparability across economies.
• The data for the largest business city is used for most economies, while 11 large economies also include data for the second largest business city.
• No bribes are considered in cost calculations.
• Procedures are assumed to be completed without prior contact with officials.
• The DTF score is calculated as a simple average of the component indicators.