【住房和城乡建设部】中瑞零碳建筑项目循环建造_111页_31mb

Sino-Swiss Zero Emission Building Project Summary

Core Content

The Sino-Swiss Zero Emission Building (ZEB) Project is an initiative aimed at promoting sustainable and carbon-neutral construction practices in China through collaboration between the Chinese Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Swiss Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The project seeks to support the development of zero carbon building standards and long-term roadmaps for reducing carbon emissions in the construction industry.

Main Objectives

• Upgrade existing building energy efficiency standards to Zero Carbon technical standards.
• Implement demonstration projects in 4 typical climate zones to test and optimize new ZEB standards.
• Conduct capacity building and knowledge dissemination activities to promote circular construction principles.
• Foster sustainable design and construction practices through research and educational initiatives.

Project Duration

• Phase I: 15 March 2021 – 28 February 2025

Key Partners

• ZHAW IKE and IBP-team: Leading Swiss research institutes in circular construction, focusing on reuse of building components and design for disassembly.
• SDC (Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation): Funded and initiated the project.
• Demo Projects Teams in Shanghai and Shaoxing: Provided data and insights for the report.

Key Concepts in Circular Construction

Circular construction emphasizes giving new usage cycles to building components to maximize their lifespan and minimize environmental, economic, and cultural losses. The project outlines five possible approaches to circularity:

1. Discard nothing – Reuse demolition materials to preserve craftsmanship and design knowledge.
2. Materiality – Use locally sourced natural materials to reduce embodied energy and promote sustainability.
3. Continuing local tradition – Revive traditional building methods and materials to support cultural heritage and environmental benefits.
4. System Separation – Design buildings with separable layers to allow for easy disassembly and reuse of components.
5. Design for Disassembly – Create buildings that can be dismantled and reassembled without damage to materials.

Case Studies and Examples

1. K.118 Pilot Project

• A reutilization project that showcases the reuse of building components.
• Design incorporates components like windows, doors, and structural elements.
• Construction organization and cost analysis of 10 components are detailed.
• Greenhouse gas emissions are significantly reduced through reuse.
• Plans and sections provide insight into the integration of reused elements.

2. Casa a Laveno (2021)

• Located in Laveno, Varese, designed by Studio Albori.
• Built using solid wood and natural materials, with no chemical additives or metal connectors.
• Emphasizes material purity and direct reuse of components.
• Concrete base uses bamboo reinforcement, highlighting sustainable material choices.

3. Haus K (2018)

• A Swiss home in Alpnach, constructed using solid wood and local stone.
• Structural system includes beechwood dowels for joining, avoiding glue and metal.
• Highlights the importance of local production and material sourcing.

4. Stone-Built Home in Montélimar (2018)

• Designed by Gilles Perraudin.
• Uses solid limestone and untreated larchwood.
• Walls are 40 cm thick and constructed with lime mortar, allowing for easy disassembly.
• The house is designed to regulate internal climate through natural material properties.

5. École Nationale Supérieure d'Architecture Nantes (2009)

• Designed by Lacaton & Vassal.
• Features modular and flexible spaces.
• Utilizes prefabricated concrete pillars and hollow concrete floors.
• The secondary steel structure is designed for removal and reconfiguration.
• The building's curtain facades are transparent and lightweight, enhancing energy efficiency.

6. Circular Building by Arup and Circle House Project

• These projects demonstrate design for disassembly (DfD).
• Use BIM design and virtual digital twins to document component life cycles.
• Highlight the importance of component documentation for future reuse.

Key Information

• Circular construction is the most effective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector.
• Reuse can save up to 90% of grey energy emissions compared to other methods.
• Switzerland shares zero emission building experience with China to support its transition.
• Educational tools, such as the board game developed by IKE, are used to teach circular principles.
• The project emphasizes multifaceted architects who understand material properties, local production, and economic feasibility.

Conclusion

The Sino-Swiss ZEB Project highlights the potential of circular construction to significantly reduce environmental impact while promoting sustainable design and innovation. Through demonstration projects, research, and education, the project aims to guide China toward a carbon-neutral construction industry by integrating circular principles into its building practices.