2007年-世界发展银行全球_Port_Reform_in_Nigeria___Upstream_Policy_Reforms_Kick-Start_One_of_the_Worlds_Largest_Concession_Programs_4页_1mb

GRIDLINES - Summary

Core Content

This document discusses the port reform program in Nigeria, highlighting the government's initiative to introduce private participation in the port sector through a series of policy and institutional reforms. The reform program, which began in late 2004 and was largely completed by 2006, is considered one of the most ambitious in the world and serves as a case study in the successful implementation of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in infrastructure.

Main Points

• Background: By the late 1990s, Nigerian ports were among the slowest and most expensive in the world, suffering from inefficiencies, excessive tariffs, and poor governance. These issues were severely limiting economic development.
• Impetus for Reform: The end of military rule in 1999 led to a renewed focus on privatization. The National Council on Privatisation (NCP) requested funding from PPIAF to develop a reform strategy.
• Policy Recommendations: The Haskoning Study, funded by PPIAF, recommended a shift from the "tool port" model to the "landlord" model. Under this model, the public sector would focus on planning, regulation, and infrastructure ownership, while the private sector would manage operations, investments, and services.
• Institutional Reforms: The Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA) was to be divided into autonomous regional authorities, and a new ports act was drafted to support the reform.
• Implementation: The Bureau of Public Enterprise (BPE) and its consultants drafted concession agreements, and the process was transparent, involving strict deadlines, multi-stakeholder involvement, and independent evaluations.
• Outcomes: By 2006, 20 long-term port concessions had been awarded, and the private sector had taken over operations. The reforms led to increased competition, improved efficiency, and reduced congestion surcharges.

Key Information

• Timeline: The reform program started in late 2004 and was largely completed by 2006.
• Key Players:
  • National Council on Privatisation (NCP)
  • Bureau of Public Enterprise (BPE)
  • Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA)
  • Royal Haskoning BV (consultants)
  • APM Terminals (major concessionaire)
• Main Reforms:
  • Shift from "tool port" to "landlord" model
  • Institutional restructuring of NPA
  • Legal and regulatory framework development
  • Transparent procurement process
• Results:
  • 20 port concessions awarded
  • Improved port efficiency and reduced turnaround times
  • Increased private sector involvement
  • Reduced congestion surcharges
  • Legislative progress, though not all reforms were fully enacted

Conclusion

The Nigerian port reform program demonstrates the importance of upstream policy and planning in enabling successful infrastructure concessions. The reforms, supported by PPIAF, have significantly improved the efficiency and competitiveness of the port sector, contributing to broader economic development goals. The "landlord" model, along with transparent and stakeholder-inclusive processes, has set a precedent for similar initiatives in other developing countries.

References

• Mohiuddin, Arif. Royal Haskoning. 2002. "Technical and Financial Assessment of the Nigerian Port Sector: Recommendations for Port Reform."
• World Bank and PPIAF. 2007. Port Reform Toolkit.
• PPIAF-World Bank PPI Project Data Base (Figure 1)