Devinit-英国在充满挑战的全球背景下的援助趋势（英）-2023.6-24页_342kb

UK Aid Trends Summary

Introduction

This briefing analyzes recent trends in the UK's official development assistance (ODA), highlighting challenges in a global context marked by crises like the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. UK aid budget cuts from 2020-2021 impacted development objectives and relationships with partners. In 2022, there was a partial reversal with a budget increase, but refunds due to refugee costs offset gains. Key issues include donor rankings, aid composition shifts in regional focus, and fiscal rule alignments; updated analysis occurs amid disputes regarding ODA measurement.

Key Findings

• Donor Position: UK remains the fifth-largest ODA donor by volume, with a significant drop from second place in 2012 due to cuts.
• Trends in ODA: UK experienced a steeper decline in ODA (excluding refugee costs) compared to other G7 countries from 2012 to 2022.
• In-Donor Refugee Costs (IDRC): Reaching unprecedented highs in 2022 (up 234% year-on-year), UK IDRC was nearly double that targeted at its living.

Overall Trends in UK ODA

• Growth and Cuts: Average ODA growth in G7 (74% excluding IDRC) contrasted sharply with UK's decrease (17%);
• COVID-19 and Ukraine: 2022 saw ODA increases tied to Ukraine support, but COVID-19 measures limited overall growth.

Trends in FCDO Bilateral Aid by Region

• Regional Shifts: Africa's share declined slightly from 30% in 2022; Europe surged around 7%, tied to increased Ukraine aid of 307 million (constant prices);
• Non-Allocable Aid: This category jumped from 29% in 2012 to nearly 45%, driven by contributions to British International Investment.

UK's Spending on In-Donor Refugee Costs

• Context: UK has the highest per capita in Europe, at approximately $24,000 per refugee;
• Drivers: High costs derived from refugee accommodation in hotels, compounded by COVID-19 precedents.

Unpacking Non-Allocable Aid

• Composition: Admin costs, NGO core contributions, and development finance were key; rise in non-allocable aid does not alter regional aid distributions significantly after adjustments.

Implications for Regional Focus

• Regional Distribution Impacts: While challenged by rise in non-allocable aid, Africa remained dominant; however, costs linked to refugee support overshadows his shifts.

Conclusion

The UK aids budget faces long-term pressure with rising refugee costs limiting reach to global needs despite mitigations. Efficiency and allocation transparency remain key challenges for international partners and policymakers.