2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Finland_100页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Finland Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report evaluates the regulatory environment for businesses in Finland, focusing on 11 key areas of business regulation. It provides a comprehensive assessment of how easy or difficult it is for entrepreneurs to start and operate a business, with an emphasis on the ease of doing business ranking and the distance to frontier (DTF) score. Finland's performance is compared with other selected economies and the global best performers.

Main Topics and Indicators

1. Starting a Business

• Rank (DB2017): 28
• DTF Score (DB2017): 93.13
• Procedure (Men): 3
• Time (Men): 14 days
• Cost (Men): 1.0% of income per capita
• Procedure (Women): 3
• Time (Women): 14 days
• Cost (Women): 1.0% of income per capita
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 99.96)

2. Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank (DB2017): 40
• DTF Score (DB2017): 75.72
• Procedures: 17
• Time: 65 days
• Cost: 0.9% of warehouse value
• Building Quality Control Index: 10/15
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 87.40)

3. Getting Electricity

• Rank (DB2017): 18
• DTF Score (DB2017): 88.97
• Procedures: 5
• Time: 42 days
• Cost: 28.0% of income per capita
• Reliability of Supply and Transparency of Tariff Index: 8/8
• Best Performer (DB2017): Korea, Rep. (Rank 1, DTF 99.88)

4. Registering Property

• Rank (DB2017): 20
• DTF Score (DB2017): 82.94
• Procedures: 3
• Time: 32 days
• Cost: 4.0% of property value
• Quality of Land Administration Index: 27/30
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 94.46)

5. Getting Credit

• Rank (DB2017): 44
• DTF Score (DB2017): 65.00
• Strength of Legal Rights Index: 7/12
• Depth of Credit Information Index: 6/8
• Credit Bureau Coverage: 20.7% of adults
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

6. Protecting Minority Investors

• Rank (DB2017): 70
• DTF Score (DB2017): 56.67
• Strength of Minority Investor Protection Index: 5.7/10
• Conflict of Interest Regulation Index: 6.0/10
• Shareholder Governance Index: 5.3/10
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 83.33)

7. Paying Taxes

• Rank (DB2017): 13
• DTF Score (DB2017): 90.23
• Payments (per year): 8
• Time (per year): 93 hours
• Total Tax Rate (% of profit): 38.1%
• Postfiling Index: 93.1/100
• Best Performer (DB2017): United Arab Emirates (Rank 1, DTF 99.44)

8. Trading Across Borders

• Rank (DB2017): 33
• DTF Score (DB2017): 92.44
• Time to Export: Border Compliance (hours): 36
• Cost to Export: Border Compliance (USD): 213
• Time to Export: Documentary Compliance (hours): 2
• Cost to Export: Documentary Compliance (USD): 70
• Time to Import: Border Compliance (hours): 2
• Cost to Import: Border Compliance (USD): 0
• Time to Import: Documentary Compliance (hours): 1
• Cost to Import: Documentary Compliance (USD): 0
• Best Performer (DB2017): 10 Economies (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

9. Enforcing Contracts

• Rank (DB2017): 30
• DTF Score (DB2017): 69.40
• Time: 375 days
• Cost (% of claim): 16.2 cents on the dollar
• Quality of Judicial Processes Index: 8.5/18
• Best Performer (DB2017): Singapore (Rank 1, DTF 84.15)

10. Resolving Insolvency

• Rank (DB2017): 1
• DTF Score (DB2017): 93.89
• Recovery Rate (cents on the dollar): 90.3
• Time (years): 0.9
• Cost (% of estate): 3.5%
• Strength of Insolvency Framework Index: 14.5/16
• Best Performer (DB2017): 22 Economies (Rank 1, DTF 93.89)

Key Information

• Finland's DB2017 Rank: 13 (down from 12 in DB2016)
• Finland's DTF Score (DB2017): 80.84 (slightly down from 80.85 in DB2016)
• Region: OECD high-income economy
• Income Category: High income
• Population: 5,482,013
• GNI per Capita (US$): 46,360

Methodology and Changes in 2017

• Expanded Indicators: The report includes postfiling processes in the paying taxes indicator, such as tax refunds, audits, and appeals.
• Gender Component: Three indicators now include a gender dimension, measuring the number of procedures, time, and cost for men and women.
• New Pilot Indicator: A new indicator on selling to the government was introduced.
• New Economy: Somalia was added to the dataset, bringing the total number of economies to 190.

Comparative Insights

• Finland performs well across most indicators but is not among the top performers globally.
• It is comparable to other Nordic countries in many areas, such as Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.
• Denmark leads in paying taxes (Rank 7, DTF 92.11), while New Zealand is the global best performer in most categories.
• Korea, Rep. is the best performer in getting electricity and trading across borders.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report highlights that Finland has a favorable business environment compared to many economies, especially in paying taxes and resolving insolvency, where it ranks first. However, there are areas for improvement, particularly in dealing with construction permits and enforcing contracts, where Finland ranks lower than some of its Nordic counterparts. The introduction of gender-specific indicators adds a new dimension to the analysis, emphasizing the different challenges faced by women in business processes. Overall, the report underscores the importance of regulatory reforms in enhancing business efficiency and equity.