2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Costa_Rica_104页_1mb

报告摘要

Doing Business 2017: Costa Rica Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report evaluates the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized businesses across 190 economies, focusing on 11 key areas. It provides an aggregate ranking and distance to frontier (DTF) score for each indicator, measuring how close a country is to the best practices in business regulation. The report also introduces a gender dimension in several indicators, analyzing the differences in procedures, time, and cost for men and women entrepreneurs.

Main Topics and Indicators Covered

Starting a Business: Measures the number of procedures, time, and cost to establish a business.
Dealing with Construction Permits: Assesses the ease of obtaining construction permits.
Getting Electricity: Evaluates the time and cost to connect to the electricity grid.
Registering Property: Focuses on the procedures, time, and cost to register property.
Getting Credit: Reviews the ease of accessing credit and the quality of credit information systems.
Protecting Minority Investors: Assesses the legal protections for minority shareholders.
Paying Taxes: Measures the number of tax payments, time, and cost.
Trading Across Borders: Evaluates the time and cost to import and export goods.
Enforcing Contracts: Reviews the time and cost to enforce contracts.
Resolving Insolvency: Assesses the time and cost to resolve insolvency.
Labor Market Regulation: Not included in the aggregate ranking but presented in the economy profile.

Key Findings for Costa Rica

Ease of Doing Business Ranking

DB2017 Rank: 62
DB2016 Rank: 60 (adjusted for methodology changes)
Change in Rank: -2 (slightly worse than the previous year)

Distance to Frontier (DTF) Score

DB2017 DTF: 68.5
DB2016 DTF: 68.49
Change in DTF: +0.01 (slight improvement)

Performance by Indicator

Indicator	Costa Rica DB2017	Costa Rica DB2016	Comparator (Chile)	Comparator (Colombia)	Comparator (El Salvador)	Comparator (Guatemala)	Comparator (Mexico)	Best Performer (Global)
Starting a Business	125 (Rank)	119 (Rank)	59	61	129	119	148	1 (New Zealand)
DTF Score	81.57	81.20	89.84	89.57	80.70	82.31	85.74	99.96 (New Zealand)
Procedures (Men)	9.0	9.0	7.0	6.0	8.0	7.0	11.0	1.0 (New Zealand)
Time (Men)	22.5 (days)	23.0 (days)	5.5	9.0	15.5	19.5	13.0	0.5 (New Zealand)
Cost (Men)	9.1%	11.1%	0.7%	7.5%	40.7%	24.1%	41.1%	0.0 (Slovenia)
Procedures (Women)	9.0	9.0	7.0	6.0	8.0	7.0	11.0	1.0 (New Zealand)
Time (Women)	22.5 (days)	23.0 (days)	5.5	9.0	15.5	19.5	13.0	0.5 (New Zealand)
Cost (Women)	9.1%	11.1%	0.7%	7.5%	40.7%	24.1%	41.1%	0.0 (Slovenia)
Dealing with Construction Permits	53 (Rank)	49 (Rank)	26	34	156	89	84	83
DTF Score	74.63	74.61	78.83	76.54	56.29	69.30	69.57	69.79
Procedures	15.0	15.0	13.0	10.0	24.0	11.0	15.0	13.0 (4 Economies)
Time (days)	118.0	118.0	152.0	73.0	111.0	158.0	89.0	86.4
Cost (% of warehouse value)	1.7%	1.7%	0.6%	6.7%	4.2%	6.8%	6.0	9.8
Getting Electricity	27 (Rank)	22 (Rank)	64	74	109	19	144	98
DTF Score	85.04	85.01	78.31	73.73	63.75	88.95	53.66	68.32
Procedures	5.0	5.0	6.0	5.0	8.0	4.0	7.7	6.8 (15 Economies)
Time (days)	45.0	45.0	43.0	109.0	59.0	39.0	39.0	100.4
Cost (% of income per capita)	182.3%	191.8%	70.5%	581.4%	513.0%	477.6%	775.1%	336.7%
Registering Property	52 (Rank)	52 (Rank)	58	53	71	74	85	101
DTF Score	73.39	73.39	70.89	73.29	67.09	66.47	64.26	61.05
Procedures	5.0	5.0	6.0	6.0	5.0	6.0	6.0	7.7 (4 Economies)
Getting Credit	7 (Rank)	7 (Rank)	82	2	44	16	7	5
DTF Score	85.00	85.00	50.00	95.00	65.00	80.00	85.00	90.00
Paying Taxes	62 (Rank)	60 (Rank)	120	139	166	93	152	114
DTF Score	78.98	79.03	63.85	58.91	49.51	71.55	54.97	65.81
Trading Across Borders	71 (Rank)	69 (Rank)	65	121	44	77	109	61
DTF Score	79.32	79.86	80.56	62.83	88.49	75.31	65.85	82.09
Enforcing Contracts	125 (Rank)	125 (Rank)	56	174	104	173	151	40
DTF Score	52.41	52.41	62.81	34.29	55.20	34.55	45.54	67.01
Resolving Insolvency	107 (Rank)	106 (Rank)	55	33	80	149	139	30
DTF Score	39.62	39.37	55.51	71.74	45.83	27.52	31.66	73.11

Key Highlights

Gender Dimension: The report now includes a gender component in several indicators, highlighting that while the number of procedures for men and women is the same, the time and cost for women remain slightly higher than for men, indicating potential gender disparities in business processes.
Methodology Changes: In 2017, the report introduced a new postfiling index for the paying taxes indicator, focusing on tax refunds, audits, and appeals. It also added a gender dimension in four indicators and a new pilot indicator on selling to the government.
New Economy Inclusion: For the first time, Somalia was included in the report, bringing the total number of economies to 190.
Regional Comparison: Costa Rica's performance is compared with other Latin American and Caribbean economies, including Chile, Colombia, El Salvador, Mexico, and others, to provide a broader context of regional performance.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report provides a comprehensive overview of the business environment in Costa Rica, highlighting both the strengths and challenges in various regulatory areas. While the country shows a slight improvement in the DTF score, its ranking remains relatively stable. The introduction of the gender dimension and new indicators enhances the report's ability to identify and address gender-specific barriers to business. Policymakers can use this data to design targeted reforms and improve the overall ease of doing business in the country.

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