> **来源：[研报客](https://pc.yanbaoke.cn)** # Strong cities # City attractiveness, office market, HR trends Q4 2025 The office market sentiment, the investment potential of the city and the labour market. knightfrank.com.pl/en/research Lódž # Łódź City area 293.25 sq km Population 642,530 (state of 30.06.2025, GUS) Unemployment rate 5.5% (state of 11.2025, GUS) GDP growth 4.7% PKB per capita PLN 70,846 Average salary (gross) PLN 8,455.98 (11.2025, GUS) # Investment attractiveness Rankings ST PLACE 1111111 for the Mayor of Łódź, Hanna Zdanowska, in the “Perly Samorzadu 2025” ranking by Gazeta Prawna, in the category “Best Mayor” f a Municipality with over 100,000 inhabitants ST PLACE 111111 in the City Ranking of the Polish Association of Developers ST PLACE 111111 in the City of The Year category, $12^{\text{th}}$ Europa Property Investment & Manufacturing Awards ST PLACE 111111 in the category of cooperation with local universities and in the category of transport accessibility (rail), as well as three times $3^{rd}$ place for the quality of local universities, the availability of modern office space, and cooperation with the local investor support agency, according to the ABSL report. 1 distinction in the "Innovative local government" competition of the PAP Local Government Service for the innovative issue of "Green Bonds" for Łódź in the category of large cities 1 Prime Property Prize 2024 for Łódź: Łódź is an investor-friendly city # Investment incentives Know-how in key areas: regularly prepared reports in the field of HR and real estate and annual economic guide. Other support in recruitment activities: internship programme organised by the Łódź City Council in cooperation with investors, activities in the field of employer branding. Assigned employee of Łódź City Council (e.g. offering support for investments in the location selection process, in ongoing administrative processes in the office about related entities). Personalized offer of investment areas (urban and private). Marketing support: preparing press conferences, publications in social media (FB, LinkedIn, www.investinlodz.pl). Support within the Łódź Special Economic Zone. in the fDi Intelligence magazine's "European Cities and Regions of the Future" 2024 ranking, in the "Business Friendliness" category in the Pearls of Local Government 2022 national ranking of Dziennik Gazeta Prawna, and recipient of the title of Good Practice Leader in the Digitalisation category distinction in the „Innovative Local Government" competition of the Polish Press Agency (PAP) for the innovative issue of 'Green Bonds' for Łódź in the large cities category in the Europolis Green Cities ranking in the fDi Intelligence magazine's "European Cities and Regions of the Future" 2024 ranking, in the "Human Capital and Lifestyle" category in the fDi Intelligence magazine's "European Cities and Regions of the Future" 2024 ranking, in the "FDI Strategy" category (medium-sized cities) # Quality of life in numbers A series of eco workshops. Karta Lodzianina. Improving electromobility and ecological means of public transport. Civic budget. Municipal programs against addiction. - Organization of recreational and sports events. - Organization of cultural events. Downtown revitalization. Elimination of illegal landfills. - City bike system, public electric scooters, expansion of the network of bicycle paths and electric charging stations. - Expansion of the city transport system: construction of the Łódź metro (cross-city tunnel). - Increasing the level of security in the city. - Conducting more intensive CSR activities - „business for the environment“, as part of the implementation of the Ecopact. Bike paths 260.5 km Green areas 51.51 sq km # Facts & Figures Number of students \~70,000 Number of graduates 14,479 Number of universities 18 Airport - distance to the City centre 6 km Airport - number of passengers 385,565 (2025) BSS sector - number of centres 107 BSS sector - number of employed 35,000 RATING AGENCY S&P RATING BBB+ (stable forecast 2022) # Łódź Q1-Q4 2025 Existing stock 643,000 sq m Supply under construction 0 sq m Vacancy rate 18.3% New supply 0 sq m Take-up 52,000 sq m # Standard lease terms in new buildings Service charge PLN/sq m/month 16.00-29.00 Rent-free period 1-1.5 months for each contract year Fit-out budget EUR/sq m 350.00-500.00 Lódź is the sixth-largest office market in Poland, with total stock of 643,000 sq m. As in most regional cities, no new office buildings were delivered in 2025, which contributed to a decline in the vacancy rate to $18.3\%$ . Furthermore, the absence of office space under construction is expected to sustain downward pressure on the vacancy rate in the coming quarters. # SUPPLY At the end of 2025, total office stock in Łódź stood at 643,000 sq m, accounting for approximately $5\%$ of the national total. The vast majority of office buildings are concentrated in the city centre and the Widzew district. Development activity in Łódź has effectively stalled. No new office buildings were completed in 2025, following a modest delivery of just $10,000 \, \text{sq m}$ in 2024. In addition, there are currently no office projects under construction, underscoring the subdued state of the city's development pipeline. # TAKE-UP Office take-up in Łódź in 2025 totalled nearly 52,000 sq m and was $13\%$ lower than in the previous year. Notably, $27\%$ of the total volume was attributable to a single transaction - an owner-occupier deal involving the Brama Miasta building, which was acquired in Q3 2025 by the Regional Government of the Łódź Voivodeship from Skanska. This transaction also influenced the leasing structure, contributing to an increase in the share of owner-occupier leases to a record level of $27\%$ . Overall, new leases accounted for $47\%$ of total take-up, while renegotiations represented $21\%$ . The remaining volume was attributable to expansions. # VACANCY RATE The vacancy rate in Łódź continued its downward trend and stood at $18.3\%$ at the end of Q4 2025, marking the lowest level in four years. Vacancies decreased by 1.4 pp quarter-on-quarter and as much as 4.4 pp year-on-year. Given the absence of office projects under construction, the vacancy rate is expected to continue declining. # RENTS At the end of Q4 2025, headline asking rents in Łódź remained stable compared to the previous quarter, typically ranging from EUR 9.00 to $15.00 / \mathrm{sq}$ m/month. Service charges also remained unchanged, typically between PLN 16.00 and $29.00 / \mathrm{sq}$ m/month. # Office market in Poland Annual new supply, take-up and vacancy rate in Łódź Take-up structure in Łódź # Michael Page "Salary Guide 2026": Poland's Energy Labour Market Accelerates as Renewables and Offshore Drive Demand for Specialists Energetic transformation is clearly reshaping the landscape of the labour market in Poland. According to the "Salary Guide 2026" published by recruitment firm Michael Page, salary growth in the energy sector is stabilising; however, demand for highly qualified professionals, particularly in renewables, energy storage, and offshore projects, remains exceptionally strong. It continues to be a candidate-driven market, but primarily for individuals with unique technical expertise and proven project experience. The fast-paced development of the energy sector, especially renewable energy sources, is pushing employers to seek candidates with increasingly broad and specialised skill sets. Engineers are in the highest demand, including installation designers, grid connection specialists, automation engineers, and SCADA experts, whose salaries in Warsaw typically range from approximately PLN 14,000-15,000 gross to PLN 19,000-21,000 for senior roles. According to Michael Page's "Salary Guide 2026", grid managers are also highly valued. Due to their critical role in connection processes, they can expect salaries exceeding PLN 20,000, with top-tier compensation reaching PLN 35,000. Developer and project-focused roles are also gaining importance. Land acquisition managers responsible for securing land for renewable investments earn, on average, around PLN 16,000, with experienced specialists reaching PLN 18,000. Wind project developers and renewable energy project managers earn between PLN 19,000 and 25,000, while offshore project roles command significantly higher rates, averaging PLN 31,000, with upper ranges reaching PLN 34,000. Analytical competencies are also becoming increasingly valuable: energy market analysis managers and energy data experts earn between PLN 18,000 and 20,000, supporting companies in forecasting and optimising energy production and demand. # SALARY STABILISATION, BUT TOP SPECIALISTS STILL SET THE TERMS Michael Page's "Salary Guide 2026" indicates clear stabilisation in remuneration across the renewable energy sector. "A few years ago, the market experienced rapid salary increases, and virtually every specialist could expect significant raises. Today, pay levels are levelling out, and companies increasingly prioritise experience and concrete technical competencies rather than potential alone," notes Antoni Komsta, Principal Consultant at Michael Page. Job opportunities remain plentiful, but they are primarily targeted at candidates with experience in both project development and execution. Recruiting offshore wind experts remains particularly challenging, as the pool of professionals with relevant experience is still very limited. "Companies developing offshore projects often lack the time for long onboarding processes and need candidates ready to step into projects immediately. As a result, they are willing to pay a premium for experienced experts. We observed the same dynamic earlier in the photovoltaic sector, where specialists were initially scarce, and the market rewarded them very generously," adds Antoni Komsta. # SOFT SKILLS AND BENEFITS GAIN IMPORTANCE AS SALARY GROWTH SLOWS With salary levels already high, employers increasingly compete for talent not only through pay but also through comprehensive benefits packages. Candidates place strong emphasis on flexible work models, work-life balance, and additional perks. In response, companies are offering subsidies for eco-friendly transport, support for installing home renewable systems, and extensive development programmes. # EDUCATION LAGGING BEHIND THE ENERGY TRANSITION Michael Page experts highlight that one of the sector's key challenges is the skills gap resulting from an education system that has not kept pace with the energy transition. "Polish education and the labour market are not keeping up with the rapid development of renewable energy, particularly offshore. Outside the Tri-City and Szczecin, it is difficult to find universities that genuinely prepare students for work in this sector. Technical universities are only beginning to adapt their programmes to the energy transition, and many curricula still rely on outdated technologies," says Antoni Komsta. EU climate regulations are accelerating the energy transition, creating new investment opportunities and generating additional jobs. At the same time, the shortage of specialists means that some projects are being executed with the support of foreign companies. "The energy transition can therefore be both an opportunity and a risk. Those who remain open to development and acquiring new competencies will benefit. For candidates who remain stuck in old patterns and resist learning, the transition may pose a risk to their position in the labour market," Komsta emphasises. # A CANDIDATE-DRIVEN MARKET - BUT NOT FOR EVERYONE The energy sector remains a candidate-driven market, particularly for individuals with unique technical skills and project experience. For candidates with shorter experience, competition is intensifying, and recruitment processes are becoming more selective. For highly specialised roles, such as substation engineers or power engineering experts, recruitment can take several months and typically concludes with a shortlist of carefully matched candidates. # Contacts in Poland +48225965050 www.KnightFrank.com.pl RESEARCH Dorota Lachowska dorota.lachowska@pl.knightfrank.com VALUATION & ADVISORY Małgorzata Krzystek malgorzata.krzystek@pl.knightfrank.com CEO Charles Taylor charles.taylor@pl.knightfrank.com COMMERCIAL AGENCY - WARSAW T-REP Piotr Kalisz piotr kalisz@pl.knightfrank.com STRATEGIC CONSULTING EMEA Marta Sobieszczak marta.sobieszczak@pl.knightfrank.com CAPITAL MARKETS Krzysztof Cipiur krzysztof.cipiur@pl.knightfrank.com INDUSTRIAL AGENCY Przemysław Pietak przemyslaw.pietak@pl.knightfrank.com As one of the largest and most experienced research teams operating across Polish commercial real estate markets, Knight Frank Poland provides strategic advice, forecasting and consultancy services to a wide range of commercial clients including developers, investment funds, financial and corporate institutions as well as private individuals. We offer: $\triangleright$ strategic consulting, independent forecasts and analysis adapted to clients' specific requirements, $\triangleright$ market reports and analysis available to the public, tailored presentations and market reports for clients. Reports are produced on a quarterly basis and cover all sectors of commercial market (office, retail, industrial, hotel) in major Polish cities and regions (Warsaw, Kraków, Łódź, Poznan, Silesia, Tricity, Wroclaw, Lublin, Szczecin) and PRS sector in Poland. Long-term presence in major local markets has allowed our research team to build in-depth expertise of socio-economic factors affecting real estate market in Poland. Report library: # © KNIGHT FRANK SP. z o.o. 2026 This report is published for general information only and not to be relied upon in any way. Although high standards have been used in the preparation of the information, analysis, views and projections presented in this report, no responsibility or liability whatsoever can be accepted by Knight Frank for any loss or damage resultant from any use of, reliance on or reference to the contents of this document. As a general report, this material does not necessarily represent the view of Knight Frank in relation to particular properties or projects. Reproduction of this report in whole or in part is not allowed without prior written approval of Knight Frank to the form and content within which it appears. Substantive preparation: Michal Kusy / Research / Knight Frank Graphic design: Karolina Chodak-Brzozowska / Art Director / PR & Marketing / Knight Frank PARTNER OF THE PUBLICATION: INVEST IN Łódź CITY COUNCIL IN Łódź ul. Piotrkowska 104a 90-926 Łódź a.brzostowski@uml.lodz.pl in/invest-in-lodz # MichaelPage CONTACT: Antoni Komsta Principal Consultant, Engineering antonikomsta@michaelpage.pl +48667995399 www.michaelpage.pl