电力市场视角_在电力脱碳背景下支持一个可靠且可支付的电网（英）_58页_8mb

Electricity Market Vision for Deep Decarbonization

Key Principles

• Innovate: Markets should encourage technological advancements through design signals.
• Invest: Mechanisms must incentivize optimal capital investment and resource adequacy.
• Hedge: Systems should allow participants to manage risk from price volatility and uncertainty.
• Operate: Markets should enable efficient operational decisions for grid reliability.

Design Vision Summary

• Price Formation: Maintain bid-based energy markets with locational marginal pricing (LMP) and scarcity pricing, evolving toward extended reserve demand curves to manage volatility. Full-strength spot prices should persist to signal scarcity accurately.

• Operational Reliability: Enhance market products for grid services (e.g., ramping, frequency response) and explore hybrid market/coordination approaches. New services must qualify based on performance without unnecessary restrictions.

• Demand Participation: Expose more demand-side resources to system costs for grid support. Enable granular pricing (e.g., distribution-level) and improve mechanisms for dynamic load flexibility and hedging.

• Resource Adequacy and Investment: Hybrid markets (capacity auctions, long-term contracts, strategic reserves) are essential for ensuring investment certainty and meeting clean energy goals while maintaining reliability.

• Transmission and Infrastructure: Prioritize expansion of transmission to balance resources across regions and support high-VRES systems.

Opportunity Cost Approach

Use scarcity-pricing curves and opportunity-cost designs for ancillary services to improve price signals. Explore forward contracting and hedging tools to manage policy and market risks.

Recommendations for Next Steps

• Prioritize piloting new designs in controlled environments to test feasibility.
• Develop standardized metrics (economic efficiency, reliability, equity) to evaluate proposals consistently.
• Strengthen global collaboration to share lessons from diverse market evolutions.

Conclusion

Adopt market designs that evolve incrementally toward greater integration, innovation, and reliability. Global coordination, transparency, and robust metrics are critical for navigating decarbonization.