2025-05-21-世界卫生组织-Multi-country_outbreak_of_cholera,_external_situation_report_26_-22_May_2025_14页_1mb

报告摘要

Scale: 157,035 reported cases & 2,148 deaths across 26 countries in three WHO regions (African, Eastern Mediterranean, & South-East Asia) since January 2025.
Leading Region: African Region records the highest burden (91,195 cases, 1,913 deaths).
Risk Level: Very High global risk.
Vaccine Supply: OCV stockpile at 3.6M doses, below emergency (5M) threshold. Supply-demand gap hinders control efforts.
Data Status: Data incomplete due to underreporting, reporting delays, and limited access/nondisclosure in conflict, disaster, or poor infrastructure areas. Figures likely underrepresent true burden.

Latest Monthly Cases: 37,147 new cases & 561 deaths (epidemiological weeks 14-17).
Country Hotspots (April): South Sudan (8,042 cases), Angola (6,201), Democratic Republic of the Congo (5,600), Somalia (768).
Regional Leaders (Total Cases, Jan 2025): African Region (91,195 cases), Eastern Mediterranean (63,972), Southeast Asia (1,868).

Drivers of Outbreaks: Conflict, displacement, poor WASH infrastructure, flooding affecting treatment access.
Diagnostic Limitations: Variable testing capacity, different surveillance systems/methodologies.
Case Fatality Rate (CFR): Variable, heavily influenced by delays, infrastructure, and treatment access.
Surveillance & Response Gaps: Reporting delays, surveillance gaps, poor cross-border coordination.
Staffing & Funding: Shortage of experienced staff, funding gaps due to declining donor support.

WHO Coordination: Active response in key countries (Angola, DRC, Sudan, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, South Sudan), supporting coordination, surveillance, lab testing, case management, WASH, and RCCE.
Vaccination: OCVs insufficient, campaigns often limited to highly affected areas.
Surveillance: Updated guidelines and training materials provided. Self-assessment tools & PAMI identification promote localised strategies.

Advocate: Continue urging investments in cholera preparedness, response, and prevention.
Improve: Streamline essential material/supply delivery. Enhance cross-border coordination. Improve country-level planning & evidence-based interventions.

展开完整摘要