2017年-世界发展银行全球_Economy_Profile_of_Denmark_64页_1mb

Doing Business 2018: Reforming to Create Jobs

Core Content Overview

The Doing Business 2018 report, published by the World Bank Group, evaluates business regulations across 190 economies, focusing on how these regulations impact the ease of doing business. It provides objective data and indicators to measure the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and encourages reforms to improve efficiency and create jobs. The report also includes subnational data for selected cities and regions, offering detailed insights into local business climates.

Key Indicators and Their Measurement

The report assesses the following key areas:

• Starting a business: Procedures, time, cost, and minimum paid-in capital required to establish a limited liability company.
• Dealing with construction permits: Procedures, time, cost, and quality control mechanisms for building a warehouse.
• Getting electricity: Procedures, time, cost, reliability, and transparency of the electricity supply.
• Registering property: Procedures, time, cost, and quality of land administration.
• Getting credit: Movable collateral laws and credit information systems.
• Protecting minority investors: Rights of minority shareholders in related-party transactions and corporate governance.
• Paying taxes: Tax payments, time, and total tax rate.
• Trading across borders: Time and cost for exporting and importing goods.
• Enforcing contracts: Time and cost to resolve commercial disputes and the quality of judicial processes.
• Resolving insolvency: Time, cost, outcome, and recovery rate for insolvency cases.
• Labor market regulation: Flexibility and job quality aspects.

Each indicator is measured using standardized data collection methods, with the goal of comparing regulatory environments across economies and tracking progress over time.

Distance to Frontier (DTF) and Ease of Doing Business Rankings

• The DTF score measures how close an economy is to the best performance observed across all economies in the sample since 2005. It is on a scale from 0 (lowest performance) to 100 (frontier).
• The ease of doing business ranking is based on the DTF scores and ranges from 1 (best) to 190 (worst).
• For Denmark, the report provides data for Copenhagen, the largest business city, and highlights its performance in comparison to other economies, particularly OECD high-income and overall best performers.

Economy Profile of Denmark

• Region: OECD high income
• Income Category: High income
• Population: 5,731,111
• GNI per Capita (US$): 56,730
• Ease of Doing Business Rank: 1 (among 190 economies)
• Distance to Frontier (DTF): 100 (indicating best performance)

Starting a Business in Denmark

Key Metrics

Procedures and Costs

1. Obtain a NemID signature (online, <1 day): No charge for first 3 signatures, additional signatures cost DKK 4.10–81.01.
2. Deposit startup capital at a bank (1 day): Minimum paid-in capital is DKK 50,000, which is 25% of the share capital.
3. Register the company with the Danish Business Authority (DBA) Webreg system (<1 day): DKK 670, includes VAT registration if turnover exceeds DKK 50,000.
4. Register as an employer with the DBA (<1 day): No charge, online procedure.
5. Register employees with workmen’s insurance (1 day): No charge, requires form submission to the insurance company.

Dealing with Construction Permits in Denmark

Key Metrics

Procedures and Costs

1. Request and obtain building permit (21 days): DKK 134,232, processed online.
2. Obtain foundation permit (15 days): No charge.
3. Notify the Centre for Construction of commencement of work (0.5 days): No charge.
4. Receive construction inspection (variable time): No charge, inspections by fire, sewage, or worker safety authorities.
5. Send notice of completion (1 day): No charge.
6. Receive final inspection and obtain occupancy permit (1 day): No charge.
7. Request and obtain connection to water and sewage (1 day): No charge, involves an independent constructor for an additional cost of DKK 10,000.

Quality Control Metrics

Main Views and Key Information

• The report emphasizes comparative analysis of business regulations across economies.
• It uses standardized scenarios to ensure consistency, such as a limited liability company with 5 owners, no legal entities, and a specific warehouse size and value.
• The DTF measure is crucial for understanding how close an economy is to the best practices.
• Denmark performs exceptionally well, ranking 1st in the ease of doing business and achieving a DTF score of 100.
• The report encourages reforms by offering benchmarks and data-driven insights.
• It highlights the importance of digital procedures, transparency, and efficiency in reducing time and cost for businesses.