2025年欧洲数字化转型_通过_Wi-Fi实现千兆比特速度连接目标白皮书-爱立信_22页_1mb

Executive Summary

The Digital Decade Policy sets a goal for fixed broadband connectivity delivered to homes, aiming for Gigabit speeds via Wi-Fi. Spectrum allocation includes 5 GHz and lower 6 GHz bands (up to approx. 6425 MHz). Wi-Fi standards evolve with increasing channel bandwidth and features (e.g., Wi-Fi 6E, Wi-Fi 7 with multi-link operation). To deliver Gigabit speeds effectively in dense environments, efficient channel reuse with modern features is more beneficial than simply increasing spectrum.

Spectrum Availability

Europe gradually allocated over 1 GHz of bandwidth below 6 GHz and expanded existing bands like 5 GHz. Standard ETSI supports channel bandwidths from 20 MHz up to 320 MHz in Wi-Fi 7.

Wi-Fi Standards Evolution

Over successive generations (IEEE 802.11), Wi-Fi increased channel bandwidth from 20 MHz to 320 MHz and added features like frame aggregation, MU-MIMO, and multi-link operation (MLO) for Wi-Fi 7. While higher raw rates are achieved, the traditional channel access mechanism (CSMA/CA) acts as a bottleneck.

Detailed Analysis: Today's Wi-Fi Offers Gigabit Speeds

Simulations in an apartment building showed that using a mix of efficient channel reuse and modern Wi-Fi features (Wi-Fi 7) achieved mean downlink throughputs exceeding 1 Gb/s. Key findings:

• Efficient channel reuse combined with features like MLO boosts performance.
• Larger channel bandwidth (160 MHz vs. 80 MHz) delivers better results, but grows interference.
• “Full buffer” traffic yields slightly lower performance, but realistic traffic still crosses the 1 Gb/s barrier in most contexts.
• The system remains spectrally inefficient due to the legacy CSMA/CA mechanism, which disadvantages nodes in interference-prone spots.

Conclusion

Modern Wi-Fi can achieve speeds significantly above 1 Gb/s today, especially under favorable channel configurations. Dense environments benefit from efficient channel reuse and features like multi-link operation. Irrespective of spectrum expansion, optimizing operations with appropriate bandwidth and features is critical for achieving high speeds in multi-user settings.