2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Zambia_109页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Zambia Summary

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report, published by the World Bank Group, evaluates the regulatory environment for small to medium-sized businesses across 190 economies. It measures and tracks changes in regulations across 11 key areas in the business life cycle, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report also introduces a gender dimension in several indicators, reflecting the unique challenges faced by women entrepreneurs.

For Zambia, the report provides a detailed analysis of its business environment, including rankings and distance to frontier (DTF) scores, which are used to benchmark regulatory performance against other economies. Key findings include:

• Overall ranking: Zambia's DB2017 rank is 98, down by 4 from DB2016.
• Distance to frontier score: Zambia's DTF score is 60.54, down by 0.23 from DB2016.
• Best performer globally: New Zealand leads in most indicators, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, and registering property.

Main Indicators and Performance

Starting a Business

• Rank: 105 (DB2017), 96 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 84.95 (DB2017), 84.88 (DB2016)
• Procedures (Men/Women): 7 (both)
• Time (Men/Women): 8.5 days (both)
• Cost (Men/Women): 33.7% of income per capita (both)
• Best performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 99.96)

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank: 78 (DB2017), 67 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 70.85 (DB2017), 71.62 (DB2016)
• Procedures: 10 (DB2017), 10 (DB2016)
• Time: 189 days (DB2017), 189 days (DB2016)
• Cost: 3.3% of warehouse value (DB2017), 2.6% (DB2016)
• Best performer: New Zealand (DTF 87.40)

Getting Electricity

• Rank: 153 (DB2017), 109 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 49.86 (DB2017), 62.25 (DB2016)
• Procedures: 6 (DB2017), 6 (DB2016)
• Time: 117 days (DB2017), 117 days (DB2016)
• Cost: 609.6% of income per capita (DB2017), 643.8% (DB2016)
• Best performer: Korea, Rep. (Rank 1, DTF 99.88)

Registering Property

• Rank: 145 (DB2017), 170 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 49.00 (DB2017), 40.61 (DB2016)
• Procedures: 6 (DB2017), 6 (DB2016)
• Time: 45 days (DB2017), 45 days (DB2016)
• Cost: 9.9% of property value (DB2017), 15.0% (DB2016)
• Best performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 94.46)

Getting Credit

• Rank: 20 (DB2017), 19 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 75.00 (DB2017), 75.00 (DB2016)
• Procedures: 8 (DB2017), 8 (DB2016)
• Time: 185.5 hours (DB2017), 191.0 hours (DB2016)
• Cost: 18.6% of profit (DB2017), 18.6% (DB2016)
• Best performer: New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

Protecting Minority Investors

• Rank: 87 (DB2017), 85 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 53.33 (DB2017), 53.33 (DB2016)
• Strength of legal rights index: 5.3 (DB2017), 5.3 (DB2016)
• Best performer: New Zealand (DTF 83.33)

Paying Taxes

• Rank: 58 (DB2017), 56 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 80.16 (DB2017), 79.94 (DB2016)
• Payments per year: 26 (DB2017), 26 (DB2016)
• Time (hours): 185.5 (DB2017), 191.0 (DB2016)
• Total tax rate: 18.6% of profit (DB2017), 18.6% (DB2016)
• Best performer: United Arab Emirates (Rank 1, DTF 99.44)

Trading Across Borders

• Rank: 161 (DB2017), 161 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 46.99 (DB2017), 46.99 (DB2016)
• Time to export (Border compliance): 148 hours (DB2017), 148 hours (DB2016)
• Cost to export (Border compliance): $370 (DB2017), $370 (DB2016)
• Time to export (Documentary compliance): 130 hours (DB2017), 130 hours (DB2016)
• Cost to export (Documentary compliance): $200 (DB2017), $200 (DB2016)
• Best performer: 10 Economies (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

Enforcing Contracts

• Rank: 135 (DB2017), 133 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 49.89 (DB2017), 49.89 (DB2016)
• Time: 611 days (DB2017), 611 days (DB2016)
• Cost: 38.7% of claim (DB2017), 38.7% (DB2016)
• Best performer: Korea, Rep. (Rank 1, DTF 84.15)

Resolving Insolvency

• Rank: 83 (DB2017), 89 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 45.36 (DB2017), 43.18 (DB2016)
• Recovery rate: 49.4 cents on the dollar (DB2017), 45.4 cents (DB2016)
• Time: 1 year (DB2017), 1.5 years (DB2016)
• Cost: 9.0% of estate (DB2017), 9.0% (DB2016)
• Best performer: Finland (Rank 1, DTF 93.89)

Key Information

• The gender component is introduced in three indicators: starting a business, registering property, and enforcing contracts, highlighting differences in procedures and outcomes for women.
• Zambia is ranked 98th in the ease of doing business, with a DTF score of 60.54, indicating a moderate distance from best practices.
• The report includes comparator economies such as Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, Rwanda, and South Africa to provide context for Zambia's performance.
• Methodology changes in 2017 include postfiling processes in the paying taxes indicator, and the inclusion of Somalia, bringing the total number of economies to 190.
• Zambia has made small improvements in some areas, such as reducing the time and cost for starting a business, but still faces challenges in areas like getting electricity and resolving insolvency.
• The distance to frontier metric helps identify the absolute improvement in regulatory performance over time, while the ease of doing business ranking shows relative performance compared to other economies.

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report highlights Zambia's position in the global business environment and identifies key areas for regulatory reform. While the country has made some progress, it still lags behind many of its regional and global peers, particularly in areas such as getting electricity, resolving insolvency, and enforcing contracts. The introduction of gender-specific indicators adds a new dimension to understanding the business environment, emphasizing the need for inclusive policies. Policymakers can use this data to design reforms that improve the overall ease of doing business and reduce the burden on entrepreneurs.