2012年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2013___Armenia_113页_1mb

Economy Profile: Armenia - Doing Business 2013

Core Content Overview

The Doing Business 2013 report evaluates the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in 185 economies, including Armenia. It provides a comprehensive assessment of the ease of doing business by analyzing 11 key areas such as starting a business, construction permits, getting electricity, property registration, credit access, investor protection, tax compliance, cross-border trade, contract enforcement, insolvency resolution, and employing workers.

The report highlights the ease of doing business index, which ranks economies from 1 to 185. Armenia's DB2013 rank is 32, up from DB2012 rank of 50. The report also introduces the distance to frontier measure, which evaluates how far an economy is from the best practices in each indicator set.

Key Indicators for Armenia

Main Points and Findings

Ease of Doing Business Index

• Armenia is ranked 32nd globally, showing some improvement from DB2012 (rank 50).
• The index is based on the simple average of percentile rankings across 10 topics.
• The distance to frontier measure indicates how close Armenia is to the best practices in each area.

Starting a Business

• Procedures: 3
• Time: 8 days
• Cost: 2.5% of income per capita
• Paid-in Minimum Capital: 0.0% of income per capita
• Armenia has made improvements in streamlining procedures, including the introduction of online registration and a one-stop shop for business setup.

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank: 46
• Procedures: 17
• Time: 77 days
• Cost: 50.1% of income per capita
• The number of procedures and time required have remained relatively stable, but the cost has decreased slightly.

Getting Electricity

• Rank: 101
• Procedures: 5
• Time: 242 days
• Cost: 107.3% of income per capita
• Armenia has improved in terms of time and procedures but still lags behind in cost compared to other economies.

Registering Property

• Rank: 4
• Procedures: 3
• Time: 7 days
• Cost: 0.2% of property value
• Armenia performs relatively well in this area, with low cost and short time.

Getting Credit

• Rank: 40
• Strength of legal rights index: 6
• Depth of credit information index: 6
• Public registry coverage: 20.5%
• Private bureau coverage: 56.0%
• The legal rights index has remained stable, but public registry coverage is low compared to other economies.

Protecting Investors

• Rank: 25
• Extent of disclosure index: 6
• Strength of investor protection index: 6.7
• Armenia has made progress in this area, but still has room for improvement in terms of transparency and legal protections.

Paying Taxes

• Rank: 108
• Payments (number per year): 13
• Time (hours per year): 380
• Cost: Not specified
• The ranking has improved from DB2012 (152), but the time and number of payments remain relatively high.

Trading Across Borders

• Rank: 107
• Documents to export: 5
• Time to export (days): 13
• Cost to export (US$ per container): $1,815
• The number of documents and time for exporting are relatively low, but the cost remains high.

Enforcing Contracts

• Rank: 91
• Time (days): 440
• Cost (% of claim): 19.0%
• Procedures: 49
• The time and cost to enforce contracts are high, indicating room for improvement in judicial efficiency.

Resolving Insolvency

• Rank: 63
• Time (years): 1.9
• Cost (% of estate): 4%
• Recovery rate: 41.2 cents on the dollar
• Armenia's insolvency process is relatively efficient in terms of time and cost but has a low recovery rate.

Key Reforms in Armenia

• DB2010: Removed minimum capital requirement and the need for approval from the National Police Department to prepare the company seal; made registration forms available online.
• DB2012: Introduced a one-stop shop for name reservation, business registration, and obtaining a tax identification number; allowed online company registration.
• No reforms were recorded in DB2008, DB2009, DB2011, and DB2013.

Main Viewpoints

• The Doing Business methodology focuses on SMEs and provides a benchmark for comparing regulatory environments across economies.
• The report emphasizes that rankings alone do not capture the full business environment, and distance to frontier provides a more nuanced understanding of progress.
• Armenia has made some improvements in business registration and online processes, but still faces challenges in areas like getting electricity, enforcing contracts, and resolving insolvency.
• The report encourages further reforms in order to improve the overall business environment and attract more investment.

Conclusion

Armenia has shown some progress in improving its business regulatory environment, particularly in the area of business registration. However, it continues to face significant challenges in other areas, such as contract enforcement and cross-border trade. The Doing Business 2013 report provides a useful tool for policymakers to identify areas for reform and benchmark their performance against other economies.