> **来源：[研报客](https://pc.yanbaoke.cn)** # Chikungunya Virus Disease Global Summary ## Core Content Overview Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) disease is a mosquito-borne illness caused by the CHIKV, an RNA virus in the alphavirus genus. It is transmitted primarily by *Aedes aegypti* and *Aedes albopictus* mosquitoes, which are also responsible for dengue and Zika virus transmission. The disease is characterized by sudden fever and severe joint pain, which can persist for months or years. While the overall mortality rate is low, severe complications and long-term disability can occur, especially in vulnerable populations such as newborns, children, elderly individuals, and those with pre-existing conditions. ## Main Points and Key Information ### Overall Risk Assessment - **Overall Risk**: Moderate - **Confidence in Information**: Moderate - The global public health risk is considered moderate due to widespread outbreaks in multiple WHO regions, the potential for further spread, and challenges in prevention and control capacities. ### Global Transmission Trends (2025–2026) - In **2025**, a total of **502,264** cases, including **208,335** confirmed cases and **186 deaths**, were reported from **41 countries** and territories. - As of **March 2026**, **18 countries** and territories reported CHIKV transmission. - The **Region of the Americas** accounted for the **vast majority** of cases, with **Brazil and Bolivia** representing **87%** of total cases in the region. **Argentina, Suriname, and Cuba** together with these five countries make up **99%** of reported cases. - The **European Region** reported the second-highest number of cases, mainly from **French overseas departments** such as **Mayotte** and **La Réunion**. ### Regional Transmission Details - **Africa & Eastern Mediterranean**: - In **Madagascar**, **29 confirmed cases** (0 deaths) were reported between January and February 2026. - **Mauritius** reported **1418 cases**, with **1415 local** and **3 imported**. - **Seychelles** reported **53 confirmed cases** in 2026, up from **37 in 2025**, indicating increased vector activity. - **Somalia** reported **488 suspected cases**, with **8 out of 10 samples** confirmed, and **no further cases** since then. - **Pakistan** reported **18 cases** in 2026, with **Sindh province** accounting for **16 cases**. - **Europe**: - **France** reported **788 cases** across **78 clusters**, with the last reported case in **Antibes** on **30 October 2025**. - **Italy** reported **384 cases** across **6 clusters**, with the last case in **Bellaria-Igea Marina** on **11 November 2025**. - **French overseas departments** such as **La Réunion** and **Mayotte** continue to report active transmission, with **La Réunion** having **54,500 confirmed cases** and **45 deaths** by December 2025. - **Americas**: - **Brazil** reported **42,979 cases**, including **15,579 confirmed**, and **16 deaths**. - **Bolivia** reported **23,145 cases**, including **7,817 confirmed**, and **7 deaths**. - **Cuba, Argentina, Suriname** also reported significant cases, with **Cuba** experiencing an outbreak after **9 years** of no circulation, and **Suriname** after **5 years** of no reported cases. - **South-East Asia**: - **Bangladesh** reported **19,490 suspected cases** in Dhaka, with widespread urban transmission. - **India** reported **213,016 suspected cases** and **9,177 confirmed**, mainly in **Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu**. - **Thailand** reported **1,405 cases**, with a sharp peak in **June–July**, and the **highest incidence** in **Chiang Mai**. - **Western Pacific**: - **China** reported **29,497 confirmed cases**, mainly in **Guangdong**, with **no severe cases or deaths**. - **Hong Kong SAR** reported **82 confirmed cases**, **11 local**, and **2 imported** as of **March 2026**. - **Indonesia** reported **3,608 confirmed cases** in 2025, a **significant increase** from **1,399** in 2024. - **Malaysia** reported **74 cases**, with **no deaths**. - **Philippines** reported **653 cases** in 2025, a **78% decrease** from **3,009** in 2024, with **one death** (0.15% case fatality rate). ### Factors Contributing to Risk - **Vector Expansion**: *Aedes* mosquitoes are spreading to new areas due to climate change and increased human mobility. - **Climate and Seasonal Patterns**: Rainy seasons create favorable breeding conditions for mosquitoes, increasing transmission risk. - **Limited Population Immunity**: Many areas have low immunity due to recent outbreaks or lack of prior exposure. - **Health System Challenges**: Gaps in surveillance, diagnostics, and control efforts, especially in **fragile or conflict-affected** regions. - **Travel-Related Spread**: Infected travelers contribute to the spread of the virus to new areas, including **Europe** and **Asia**. ### Prevention and Control - No specific antiviral treatment is available; management focuses on **symptomatic relief** and **supportive care**. - Two **CHIKV vaccines** have received regulatory approval, but they are **not yet widely available**. - **WHO** recommends continued support for **surveillance**, **case detection**, **laboratory confirmation**, **vector control**, and **community awareness**. - **WHO Regional Offices** should coordinate **response efforts**, provide **technical assistance**, and support **capacity building**. - **WHO HQ** will assist with **vaccine recommendations** and **procurement of laboratory supplies**. ## Major Recommended Actions - **Refer the event for review by IHR Emergency Committee** for potential Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). - **Activate the ERF response mechanism** immediately. - **Recommend setting up of grading call** for funding access before full assessment. - **Support Member States** in preparedness measures and response activities. - **Continue monitoring** and conducting **rapid risk assessments**. - **Avoid declaring further risk assessment required** at this time. ## Conclusion Chikungunya virus remains a **moderate public health risk** globally, with ongoing transmission in multiple regions and the potential for further spread. The disease poses a **significant burden** due to its **prolonged symptoms** and **impact on healthcare systems**, especially in areas with **limited resources** and **weak surveillance**. Continued **international collaboration**, **surveillance**, and **vector control** are essential to mitigate the risk and improve response capacities.