2024-09-01-世界经济论坛-将自动驾驶融入交通系统_沙特阿拉伯案例研究（英）_23页_5mb

Overview

This white paper examines the integration of autonomous mobility into global transport systems, with a specific case study on Saudi Arabia. It highlights the transformative potential of autonomous vehicles, projecting significant economic growth by 2035, while addressing challenges such as regulatory barriers, safety concerns, and public trust. The paper emphasizes a structured framework for deployment and draws on Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 as a model for national implementation.

Core Framework

The document proposes a four-step framework to accelerate autonomous mobility deployment:

1. Regulatory sandbox development: Establishing a controlled environment for testing technologies under relaxed regulations.
2. Pilot selection: Choosing projects based on criteria like regulatory alignment, safety, data security, technology readiness, and public trust to ensure policy goals are met.
3. Pilot implementation: Ensuring compliance, risk management, and transparent reporting in predefined testing environments.
4. Scaling: Expanding successful pilots through clear exit strategies and continuous monitoring to refine policies for broader adoption.

Saudi Arabia Case Study

Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 expands autonomous mobility as pivotal for achieving strategic objectives like economic diversification, urban development, enhanced safety, and technological leadership. The country is implementing a regulatory sandbox for AV testing, focusing on infrastructure, licensing, and public-private collaboration. Ongoing pilot projects aim to demonstrate benefits such as improved public safety and reduced traffic accidents, aligning with NTLS and high ambition goals.

Challenges and Benefits

Key challenges include fragmented regulation across jurisdictions, potential safety risks, cybersecurity threats, technological edge case uncertainties, and fragmented innovation efforts, which can lead to duplicated efforts. Benefits involve substantial revenue generation, urban livability, efficiency gains, job creation in tech sectors, and enhanced logistics capabilities. The framework addresses these by fostering innovation, robust testing, and a cohesive policy vision.

Conclusion

Autonomous mobility holds transformative promise for global transport systems, potentially generating up to $400 billion in revenue by 2035. However, realization requires addressing regulatory fragmentation, building public trust, and ensuring seamless integration through cohesive strategies and sandboxes. Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 exemplifies how a national regulatory sandbox can advance autonomous mobility, supporting broader goals like economic diversification and urban development through phased piloting and scaling. The framework outlined—encompassing development, selection, implementation, and scaling—provides a robust path to scalable success, enabling sustainable and innovative advancements in transport systems.