2021-11-16-世界卫生组织-Cervical_cancer_Cuba_2021_country_profile_1页_64kb

Cervical Cancer Summary

Core Content

The document provides an overview of cervical cancer epidemiology, prevention strategies, and treatment availability in a specific region. It includes data on incidence, mortality, vaccination programs, screening, and healthcare infrastructure.

Incidence and Mortality

• Crude cervical cancer incidence per 100,000 women (2020): 20.8
• Age-standardized cervical cancer incidence per 100,000 women (2020): 13.9
• Cumulative risk of cervical cancer, ages 0-74 (2020): 1.4%
• Cervical cancer deaths (2019): 670
• Cervical cancer mortality-to-incidence ratio (2020): 0.6
• Population-based cancer registry exists (2021): Yes

Primary Prevention

• HPV vaccination programme coverage among girls (2020): Not included in the national vaccination schedule
• HPV included in national vaccination programme (2020): No
• Scale of vaccination programme (2020): Not specified
• Year of introduction (2020): Not specified
• Primary target cohort (2020): Not specified

Related Risk Factors

• Tobacco use prevalence, women aged 15+ years (2020): 11%
• Condom use at last high-risk sex (2019): 79%
• HIV incidence per 1000, women aged 15+ years (2020): 0.18

Secondary Prevention

• National screening programme for cervical cancer exists (2021): Yes
• Primary screening test used (2021): Cytology
• Target age range of programme (2021): 25-64 years
• Programme/guidelines exist to strengthen early detection at primary health care level (2021): Yes
• Clearly defined referral system from primary care to secondary and tertiary care (2021): Yes
• Screening for cervical cancer (2019): 8 in 10 women have been screened in the last 5 years

Treatment and Supportive Care

• National guidelines on cervical cancer management exist (2021): Yes

• Radiotherapy units per 10,000 cancer patients (2020): 4

• Brachytherapy units per 10,000 cancer patients (2020): 1

• Cancer diagnosis and treatment services generally available (2021):

  • Cancer centre or department at tertiary level: Yes
  • Pathology services (laboratories): Yes
  • Cancer surgery: Yes
  • Chemotherapy: Yes
  • Radiotherapy: Yes

• Number of medical staff per 10,000 cancer patients (2019):

  • Radiation oncologists: ND (Not Defined)
  • Medical physicists: 11
  • Surgeons: 1763
  • Radiologists: 151
  • Nuclear medicine physicians: 7

• Palliative care for patients with NCDs in the public health system (2021):

  • In primary health care facilities: Yes
  • In community or home-based care: Yes

• Reported annual opioid consumption (excluding methadone) in oral morphine equivalence per capita (2017): 0 mg

WHO Cervical Cancer Elimination Strategy Targets for 2030

• 90% of girls fully vaccinated with the HPV vaccine by the age of 15
• 70% of women are screened with a high-performance test by 35 years of age and again by 45 years of age
• 90% of women identified with cervical disease receive treatment

Key Information

• Cervical cancer remains a significant public health issue, with a notable incidence rate and mortality rate.
• There is no national HPV vaccination program, which limits primary prevention efforts.
• Secondary prevention is well-established, with a national screening program and a referral system in place.
• Treatment services are generally available, but the lack of an HPV vaccination program may hinder progress toward elimination.
• Palliative care is accessible in both primary health care and community settings.
• The region has not reported any opioid consumption in oral morphine equivalence per capita in 2017, suggesting a low prevalence of opioid use.
• The WHO targets for cervical cancer elimination by 2030 are ambitious and require significant improvements in vaccination and screening coverage.