美国海军陆战队-无人作战计划（英文）-2021.3-40页_5mb

Unmanned Campaign Framework Summary

Core Content

The Department of the Navy (DON) is implementing a Unmanned Campaign Plan to innovate and adapt new technologies, building a more lethal, distributed, and integrated naval force for the future. This plan is aligned with the National Defense Strategy (NDS) and aims to create a trusted and sustainable part of the naval force structure, focusing on unmanned systems (UxS) and manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T).

The campaign is designed to accelerate the development and deployment of unmanned systems across all domains — air, surface, undersea, and ground — to enhance operational effectiveness, survivability, and strategic advantage. It outlines a holistic approach to integrating unmanned systems into the future fleet, emphasizing speed, agility, and collaboration.

Main Goals

• Modernize key capabilities using unmanned systems.
• Evolve innovative operational concepts.
• Develop a lethal, agile, mobile, and resilient force.
• Strengthen alliances and attract new partners through interoperability.
• Reform the Department for greater performance and affordability.
• Integrate with U.S. interagency for shared capabilities and strategies.
• Provide a coherent narrative on the future of unmanned systems across the DON.

Key Information

Why Unmanned?

• The return of Great Power Competition with Russia and China necessitates a new force structure.
• Unmanned systems offer asymmetric advantages, increased lethality, and greater operational flexibility.
• The goal is to leverage autonomy, advanced manufacturing, and artificial intelligence to create new risk-worthy platforms that can be used in stand-in engagements.

Strategic Alignment

Key Components of the Campaign

1. Platforms & Enablers

   • Focus on cross-domain capability-centric development.
   • Develop resilient command and control architectures to support a distributed force.

2. Strategy, Concepts, & Analysis

   • Align strategic priorities and use wargames, studies, and experiments to inform decision-making.
   • Create operational concepts that enable unmanned and manned systems to work together effectively.

3. Fleet Capability, Capacity, Readiness & Wholeness

   • Derive employment plans, CONOPs, and exercises to inform manning, training, and equipping the fleet.
   • Ensure the fleet is ready and capable to operate with unmanned systems.

4. RDT&E/Science & Technology

   • Identify, inform, and integrate the Naval Research Enterprise to support capability development, validation, and insertion.
   • Focus on innovation and rapid development of unmanned systems.

5. People, Education & Talent

   • Recruit and train future personnel to field and sustain autonomous operations.
   • Emphasize education and talent development for secure and reliable operations.

6. Logistics & Infrastructure

   • Ensure maintenance, sustainment, and support for unmanned systems.
   • Prepare for scalable logistics and infrastructure to support distributed maritime operations (DMO).

7. Policy, Law & Ethics

   • Address barriers, gaps, and interpretations in policy that affect autonomous systems.
   • Ensure ethical and legal compliance in all unmanned operations.

8. Communication & Messaging

   • Create a coherent narrative on the future of unmanned systems.
   • Ensure consistent messaging across the DON to align all stakeholders.

Current Unmanned Systems

• Air Portfolio:

  • MQ-8C Fire Scout provides ISR&T to LCS and other air-capable ships.
  • MQ-4C Triton and MQ-9A are in Early Operational Capability (EOC) deployments.
  • UCAS X-47B was the first autonomous aerial vehicle to land on an aircraft carrier.
  • MQ-25A Stingray is the first carrier-based UAS, primarily functioning as a mission tanker.

• Surface Portfolio:

  • Sea Hunter is a high endurance, long-range USV that supports distributed maritime operations.
  • Overlord is a commercial fast supply vessel converted for USV autonomy and C4I integration.
  • MCM USV is a tow platform for mine countermeasure operations.

• Undersea Portfolio:

  • Knifefish UUV is used for mine hunting and undersea surveillance.
  • Glider Operations Center (GOC) and UUV Operations Center (UOC) provide remote command and control.

• Ground Portfolio:

  • RQ-20 Puma and VBAT are unmanned aerial systems used for surveillance and reconnaissance.
  • Autonomous Littoral Connector (ALC) enhances maritime reconnaissance and precision fires in littoral regions.

Implementation Approach

• The campaign is actionable and iterative, with a Plan of Action and Milestones (POA&M).
• It emphasizes centralized accountability and decentralized execution to unleash innovation.
• The campaign is supported by collaboration with industry, academia, allies, and partners.
• It aims to create a seamless integration of unmanned and manned systems across all domains.

Future Outlook

• The vision is to have unmanned systems as a core part of the future maritime force.
• The campaign is designed to accelerate development, reduce risk, and increase operational tempo.
• It is a living document, with continuous feedback and adjustment to ensure relevance and effectiveness.

Conclusion

The Unmanned Campaign Framework is a comprehensive strategy to integrate unmanned systems into the Navy and Marine Corps for future combat operations. It emphasizes innovation, speed, and collaboration, ensuring that the Department of the Navy remains technologically ahead in a competitive global environment. The campaign is structured around eight functional areas to ensure a holistic and integrated approach, supporting distributed maritime operations, littoral operations in contested environments, and asymmetric advantages in the naval domain.