2022-07-05-世界卫生组织-Immunization_Myanmar_2022_country_profile_19页_385kb

Summary of Myanmar Immunization Coverage Estimates (WHO and UNICEF, 2021 Revision, Data as of July 7, 2022)

• Overview: This report details immunization coverage estimates for Myanmar for the year 2021, based on national government data, survey assessments, and administrative records. The estimates cover various vaccines, including BCG, DTP, Polio, IPV, Measles, Rubella, Hepatitis B, Hib, Rotavirus, and Pneumococcal vaccines. The data received as of July 7, 2022, shows significant disruptions, particularly from COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021, leading to low coverage rates.

• Key Findings:

  • Vaccination performance was notably low in 2021 due to COVID-19-related disruptions, including stock-outs and operational instability, with coverage estimates ranging from below 50% to around 90% depending on the vaccine.
  • Trends from 2010 to 2020 show variability, with some vaccines experiencing gradual declines or increases, but concerns over data reliability due to potential recording and reporting issues. For instance, Hepatitis B coverage improved initially but faced challenges post-introduction.
  • COVID-19 impact: Routine immunization coverage across all antigens was severely affected in 2020-2021, with minimal reported activity and stock-outs.
  • Grade of Confidence (GoC): Estimates are classified based on data sources, with some years having high confidence (e.g., •••) using multiple reliable sources, while others have lower confidence due to data inconsistencies.
  • Survey-Based Data: Included sources like the 2014 and 2015-2016 Myanmar Demographic and Health Surveys, but with concerns that more than half of the survey results might not come from documented evidence.

• Methodology:

  • Estimates are derived from national reports, administrative data, and surveys reviewed by WHO and UNICEF. No probability models are used, so classical uncertainty measures like confidence intervals are not provided.
  • GoC system reflects empirical support from direct data, recalculated denominators, or supporting surveys; however, it is not a quality judgment on national data.
  • Estimation begins in 2010 for most vaccines, with some introduced or re-introduced in later years (e.g., Rotavirus in 2020, Pneumococcal in 2016).

• Data Limitations and Challenges:

  • Reporting issues, such as stock-outs and inconsistent numerator/denominator data, were noted across multiple years. For example, in 2015-2016, surveys only partially supported estimates due to incomplete documentation.
  • COVID-19 and instability compounds existing problems with recording and monitoring, making assessments unreliable for some antigens.
  • The next revision is planned for July 15, 2023, pending further data collection.

Conclusion: Immunization coverage for Myanmar has been volatile, with COVID-19 significantly reducing recent performance. Use of these estimates should be cautious, considering the data quality and context. For detailed queries, refer to the sources listed in the report.