2005年-世界发展银行全球_Developing_Capacity_Through_Networks___Lessons_from_Anticorruption_Parliamentary_Coalitions_4页_476kb

Capacity Development through Parliamentary Networks

Core Content

This document explores the role of parliamentary networks in enhancing the capacity of parliamentarians in developing countries to combat corruption and promote good governance. It highlights the importance of these networks in building awareness, fostering collaboration, and improving institutional effectiveness at individual, national, and global levels.

Main Points

1. Importance of Networks in Capacity Development

• Parliamentary networks, both regional and global, are essential for improving the effectiveness of parliaments in developing countries.
• These networks facilitate the exchange of knowledge, lessons learned, and best practices among parliamentarians.
• They help build relationships between reform-minded MPs and civil society organizations (CSOs), enhancing collaborative efforts.

2. Global Organization of Parliamentarians against Corruption (GOPAC)

• Founded in October 2002, GOPAC serves as a global platform for parliamentarians to combat corruption.
• Membership in regional networks grants automatic membership in GOPAC.
• GOPAC has implemented peer support programs, enabling members to share information and provide political cover to those challenging corruption.
• It has also supported MPs in countries with strong executive powers, such as Mozambique.

3. Regional Networks and Their Contributions

• APNAC (African Parliamentarians Network against Corruption): Has established national chapters across Africa and is developing more. It has been instrumental in legislative reforms and awareness campaigns.
• SEAPAC (South East Asian Parliamentarians against Corruption): Initially failed due to lack of resources but later became a chapter of GOPAC.
• Other regional networks: Exist or are in development in the Caribbean, Europe, Latin America, Middle East/North Africa, Newly Independent States, North America, and Russia.
• These networks enhance parliamentary capacity at various levels (individual, national, regional, global) by promoting accountability, transparency, and effective oversight.

4. Key Activities and Outcomes

• Workshops and training programs: Conducted by WBI and GOPAC to improve MPs' skills and knowledge in anti-corruption efforts.
• Legislative support: APNAC has contributed to the passage of several anti-corruption bills in countries like Senegal and Kenya.
• Awareness campaigns: In Uganda, APNAC raised public awareness and engaged MPs and civil society through media and consultative workshops.
• International collaboration: GOPAC has partnered with organizations such as Transparency International, UNDP, and the Organization of American States to strengthen its impact.

5. Global Initiatives and Outcomes

• The Laurentian Seminars, a joint WBI-CIDA initiative, played a key role in raising awareness about corruption and its impact on development.
• These seminars led to the formation of global and regional networks and emphasized the need for transparency in international banking and accountability of financial institutions.
• GOPAC has supported the implementation of the U.N. Convention against Corruption and is committed to monitoring and reporting on anti-corruption efforts.

Key Information

• Networks: Regional and global networks have been established to address corruption, including APNAC, SEAPAC, and GOPAC.
• Tools and Resources: GOPAC provides handbooks, CD-ROMs, and online platforms to share information and support MPs.
• Legislative Impact: Networks have contributed to the drafting and passage of anti-corruption legislation in several countries.
• Challenges: APNAC faces issues with resource mobilization and gender integration, which it is actively addressing.
• Collaboration: Strong partnerships with international organizations and CSOs have enhanced the effectiveness of these networks.

Conclusion

Parliamentarian networks, particularly GOPAC and its regional chapters, have significantly contributed to capacity development in the fight against corruption. They have improved the ability of MPs to engage in oversight, promote transparency, and support reform. These networks have also fostered international collaboration and knowledge sharing, leading to tangible legislative and institutional changes. Despite challenges, they remain a vital force in advancing anti-corruption efforts globally.