2001年-世界发展银行全球_Undeveloped_Oil_and_Gas_Fields_in_the_Industrializing_World___A_Description_of_Potential_International_Investment_Projects_for_the_Petroleum_Industry_84页_5mb

Summary of "Undeveloped Oil and Gas Fields in the Industrializing World" (ESMAP Report 239/01)

Core Content

This document is a report by the Joint UNDP/World Bank Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme (ESMAP), published in February 2001. It outlines potential international investment opportunities in undeveloped oil and gas fields located in the World Bank's borrowing countries. The report is part of a broader initiative to promote economic growth through the development of these fields.

Main Purpose

The primary objective of the project is to identify and promote stranded or orphaned oil and gas fields that have not yet been developed due to various factors, including economic, political, and market conditions. The goal is to encourage private sector investment in these fields to enhance energy security and economic development in the relevant countries.

Key Areas of Focus

The report focuses on three main areas:

1. Sector Reform and Restructuring: To improve the regulatory and institutional environment for oil and gas development.
2. Access to Modern Energy for the Poorest: To ensure that these fields can contribute to energy access in underdeveloped regions.
3. Sustainable Energy Practices: To align development with environmental and economic sustainability.

Main Viewpoints

• Many discovered oil and gas fields are not developed due to non-commercial viability or lack of infrastructure.
• Gas fields are particularly emphasized, as they are often underexplored and may offer more stable pricing than crude oil.
• Private sector involvement is crucial for development, but government support is necessary to create favorable conditions.
• The World Bank and its consulting partners (Robertson Research and Petroconsultants) have played a significant role in identifying and evaluating these fields.
• Economic and political factors are more within the Bank's domain than technical assessments, which are left to industry experts.

Key Information

Funding and Partnerships

• ESMAP is a cooperative program involving the World Bank, UNDP, and various international donors.
• Petroconsultants and Robertson Research were key consultants in the initial stages of the project, providing data and evaluations.
• However, due to industry downturns and internal restructuring, the Bank had to revise its methodology and focus more on country-specific economic evaluations.

Methodology

• The Bank initially used Petroconsultants' data on discovered-but-undeveloped wells, converted into Microsoft Access for sorting.
• Fields outside the Bank's borrowing countries were excluded.
• The remaining fields were sorted by sedimentary basin and country-specific conditions.
• Technical feasibility was not evaluated by the Bank, as it is outside its expertise.

Revised Methodology

• The Bank shifted focus to countries with existing producing fields in the same sedimentary basins, as this suggests potential for development.
• The revise methodology included:
  • Data manipulation to identify economic and policy issues.
  • Project maturation through literature and interview reviews.
  • Preparation for marketing by highlighting non-technical barriers and potential Bank interventions.
  • Implementation planning through dialogue with governments and the international industry.

Investment Potential

• The document identifies 42 countries for detailed analysis, grouped by World Bank regions:
  • Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA)
  • Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
  • South Asia (SA)
  • East Asia and the Pacific (EAP)
  • Africa (AFR)
• These fields are industrially marginal and gas-prone, making them attractive to small to medium oil companies and gas pipeline/power companies.

Recommendations

• The Bank should work with governments to reform regressive clauses in petroleum contracts.
• It should also focus on developing domestic markets and advertising changed circumstances to the international industry.
• Strategic alliances may be necessary for certain fields, especially when technical expertise is lacking.
• The Bank can support these investments through collaborative efforts, and IFC and MIGA can play a role in risk mitigation.

Conclusion

The report concludes that there are significant opportunities for economic development through the commercialization of stranded oil and gas fields. The World Bank has the capacity to promote these fields by addressing non-technical barriers and fostering a conducive environment for private investment. This project represents a shift from downstream energy strategies to upstream development, which is essential for long-term energy security and economic growth in the developing world.

Country-Specific Analyses

The report includes detailed analyses of 42 countries, each with a sector overview, present status, Bank position, and next steps. These sections outline the potential for development, investment needs, and policy recommendations tailored to each country.

Additional Notes

• The data on discovered-but-undeveloped wells is dated (1998) and may require up-to-date information from IHS Energy Group.
• The document is not a formal report and is intended for quick reference and information sharing within the development community.
• The Bank encourages dissemination of its work and provides access to the data in Excel and Word formats for ease of use.

Contact Information

For more information, contact:

ESMAP
c/o Energy and Water
The World Bank
1818 H Street, NW
Washington, DC 20433, U.S.A.