2015年-世界发展银行全球_Sustainable_Management_of_the_Fisheries_Sector_in_Oman___A_Vision_for_Shared_Prosperity_44页_1mb

Summary of Sustainable Management of the Fisheries Sector in Oman

Core Content

The document outlines the Sustainable Management of the Fisheries Sector in Oman: A Vision for Shared Prosperity, a World Bank Advisory Assignment published in December 2015. It highlights the importance of fisheries in Oman's economy and society, while emphasizing the need for a sustainable and profitable sector. The report discusses the historical context, current challenges, and a strategic vision for the future of Oman's fisheries, aligned with the country's broader economic diversification goals.

Main Goals and Vision

The Vision 2040 aims to create a "profitable world-class fisheries sector that is ecologically sustainable and a net contributor to Oman's economy." The goal is to ensure that the fisheries and aquaculture sector can provide attractive and competitive income levels to stakeholders, including fishermen and related industries. This vision is supported by an Implementation Plan that will guide the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Wealth (MAFW) over the next 25 years.

Key Fish Stocks and Their Status

• Large Pelagic Fish: 56% are fully or overexploited.
• Important Demersal Species: 68% are fully or overexploited.
• Small Pelagic Species: Overexploited.
• Fishery Exports: Increased from 62.3 thousand mt in 2002 to 132.5 thousand mt in 2014.
• Fish Exports to UAE: Half of all exports in 2011 were directed to the UAE.
• Fish Exports to Landings Ratio: Continuously increasing.

Five Big Steps for Vision 2040

1. Define the status of fisheries resources to ensure all stakeholders understand and agree on the current state.
2. Define fisheries management units to establish a clear foundation for future management activities.
3. Agree on effective stakeholder-based management regimes around these units.
4. Develop and maintain sustainable management systems through stakeholder engagement.
5. Develop a sustainable and profitable value chain that supports economic growth and environmental sustainability.

Stakeholder Engagement and Classification

Stakeholder engagement is central to the success of Vision 2040. The following are the key stakeholders identified:

Challenges and Opportunities

• Challenges:

  • Overexploitation of key fish stocks.
  • Decline in the influence of local institutions like Sunnat-al-bahar.
  • Limited involvement of women in the sector.
  • Low remuneration for fishers despite subsidies.
  • Dispersed ports that are not well-suited for commercial operations.
  • Increase in foreign labor and potential social and environmental impacts.

• Opportunities:

  • Expansion of the fisheries sector as part of economic diversification.
  • The potential for a world-class fisheries industry.
  • The large international tuna fisheries represent the biggest immediate opportunity for economic development.
  • Strong linkages with tourism and export promotion.
  • Improvement in the value chain through better management and increased private sector involvement.

Policy Support and Implementation Strategy

The Oman Vision 2020 and the Five-Year Development Program provide the foundational policy framework for the fisheries sector. The Long-Term Strategy 1995-2020 emphasizes economic diversification, sustainable development, and the creation of well-developed human resources.

The Implementation Plan for the first five years of Vision 2040 includes:

• Stakeholder co-management of four pilot fisheries: large tuna (international shared), kingfish (regional shared), cuttlefish (national shared), and abalone (discrete).
• Organizational development, business development, and management training to build capacity.
• Planning for new institutions that will support the sector.
• Support for abalone fishery development, including stakeholder engagement, regulation improvement, and enhancement of compliance and sustainability activities.

Economic and Environmental Impact

• Current Economic Losses: Estimated at 2.4 billion OMR due to inefficient management.
• Trawl Fishing Ban: Implemented in 2011, which has shifted focus to artisanal fishing, a sub-sector that is now growing in importance.
• Need for Sustainable Management: To ensure long-term economic and environmental benefits, sustainable management systems must be established and tailored to each fishery.

Conclusion

The report emphasizes the importance of stakeholder engagement, policy reform, and capacity building in achieving a sustainable and profitable fisheries sector in Oman. It outlines a vision for the future that integrates economic development, environmental protection, and social inclusion. The World Bank's advisory role has been crucial in developing this vision and the accompanying implementation strategies. The next phase includes pilot investment projects and technical support, with the ultimate goal of creating shared prosperity through the fisheries sector.