2023年全球教育监测报告（英文版）-UNESCO_427页_14mb

Global Education Monitoring Report 2023: Technology in Education – A Tool on Whose Terms?

Core Content

The Global Education Monitoring Report 2023 explores the role of technology in education, emphasizing that it should be a tool that serves the needs of learners, not a substitute for them. The report is part of the broader effort to monitor and report on SDG 4 and its implementation across the world. It is prepared by an independent team hosted by UNESCO, which advocates for evidence-based, equitable, and sustainable use of technology in education.

Main Points

Technology in Education: A Tool on Whose Terms?

• Technology's Role: While digital technology has the potential to transform education, it is not universally effective or accessible. It varies by community, socioeconomic level, teacher readiness, and country income.
• Paradoxes Identified:
  1. Personalized Learning: Although technology promises individualized learning, it should complement, not replace, the human element of teaching.
  2. Digital Divide: Despite efforts, many students, especially in low-income countries, still lack access to digital tools, increasing educational inequalities.
  3. Commercial Interests: The growing influence of private and commercial actors in education raises concerns about data privacy, equity, and the prioritization of profit over learning outcomes.
• Recommendations:
  • Prioritize learner interests over commercial interests.
  • View technology as a means, not an end, to achieve educational goals.
  • Ensure fair, safe, and equitable development of educational technologies.

Learning Outcomes vs. Digital Inputs

• The report stresses that learning outcomes should be the focus, not just the amount of digital technology used.
• Technology should support, not supplant, face-to-face interactions with teachers.
• The use of geospatial data and learning analytics can help identify inefficiencies and improve education management.

Challenges and Solutions

• Implementation Gaps: The benefits of technology in education are often overestimated. Issues like maintenance, training, and capacity building are frequently overlooked.
• Data Literacy: Strong educational systems need data-literate leaders and teachers who can interpret and use data effectively.
• Innovation and Inclusion: In Sierra Leone, technology is being used to enhance teacher training and improve access to education, especially for marginalized groups.
• Open Access and Collaboration: The report is released under an Open Access license, encouraging collaboration and knowledge sharing among stakeholders.

Key Information

• Cost of Connectivity: It would cost USD 1 billion per day to maintain connectivity for education in poor countries.
• PEER Country Profiles: A new series of country profiles is included to provide insights into how different countries are managing and using technology in education.
• TechOnOurTerms Campaign: This campaign promotes learner-centered and evidence-based decisions regarding educational technology.
• Supporting Organizations: The report is supported by various governments, multilateral agencies, and private foundations, including the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Canada, Irish Aid, Norad, Sida, and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC).

Structure and Sections

The report is divided into several key chapters:

1. Introduction: Examines whether technology can solve education challenges, how to assess its effectiveness, and what countries focus on when investing in it.
2. Equity and Inclusion: Explores access for disadvantaged groups, including hard-to-reach learners, students with disabilities, and emergencies.
3. Access to Content: Discusses content creation, distribution, and the challenges of ensuring open access to educational resources.
4. Teaching and Learning: Reviews the impact of technology on student engagement and performance, highlighting both positive and negative effects.
5. Digital Skills: Emphasizes the broad definition of digital skills and the need for measurement and training.
6. Education Management: Highlights the importance of data management and the constraints on using technology in this area.
7. Access to Technology: Addresses inequity, efficiency, and sustainability in access to digital tools.
8. Governance and Regulation: Calls for regulatory frameworks to protect digital privacy, safety, and well-being.
9. Teachers: Discusses the changing role of teachers in the digital age and the barriers they face.
10. Education and Technology Development: Highlights the role of STEM education and higher education institutions in national technological advancement.

Conclusion

The Global Education Monitoring Report 2023 serves as a compass for policymakers to make informed decisions about educational technology. It underscores the need for equity, inclusion, and sustainability in the use of technology and encourages collaboration, evidence-based practices, and learner-centered approaches. The report also promotes the #TechOnOurTerms campaign to ensure that technology in education is developed and used in ways that align with the vision of SDG 4 and the needs of all learners.

References

• UNESCO is the primary publisher and facilitator of the report.
• The report is available in Open Access and is accessible through unesco.org/gemreport.
• It is supported by a wide range of international partners, consultants, and researchers from around the world.

Further Reading

• The GEM Report series includes previous editions such as the 2021/2 report on non-state actors in education, the 2020 report on inclusion, and the 2019 report on migration and displacement.
• The EFA Global Monitoring Report series also provides historical context and insights into past education monitoring efforts.