2014年-世界发展银行全球_Republic_of_Kiribati_Early_Childhood_Development___SABER_and_NSA-ECD_Country_Report_2014_36页_852kb

Summary of the Republic of Kiribati Early Childhood Development (ECD) Country Report (2014)

Core Content

This report provides an analysis of the Early Childhood Development (ECD) subsector in the Republic of Kiribati, using the SABER-ECD framework and the UNICEF National Situational Analysis-ECD (NSA-ECD). It outlines the current status of ECD policies and programs, focusing on three key policy goals: Establishing an Enabling Environment, Implementing Widely, and Monitoring and Ensuring Quality. The report highlights the need for stronger legal, financial, and intersectoral frameworks to support ECD in Kiribati.

Main Policy Goals and Status

1. Establishing an Enabling Environment

• Status: Latent
• Key Issues:
  • No comprehensive legal framework exists to support ECD.
  • Limited funding and no coordinated multisectoral collaboration.
  • The ECD system is not clearly defined in legislation.
  • No national policy mandates free preprimary education.
  • No clear legal measures to support breastfeeding or nutrition.
  • No policy explicitly states that health services are free for children.
  • No formal mechanisms for child protection or coordination with nonstate actors.

2. Implementing Widely

• Status: Emerging
• Key Issues:
  • Coverage for ECD services is uneven, especially for poor and rural children.
  • Health and birth registration services are well-implemented.
  • Education and nutrition services are underdeveloped.
  • Limited expansion of ECD programs across sectors.
  • No national policy ensures comprehensive ECD services for children under age three.

3. Monitoring and Ensuring Quality

• Status: Latent
• Key Issues:
  • Limited data collection on ECD access and quality.
  • No clear service standards or monitoring systems for ECD.
  • No enforcement mechanisms for quality assurance.
  • Data on child nutrition and health outcomes are sparse or non-existent.
  • No systematic tracking of ECD service delivery or child protection cases.

Key Laws, Regulations, and Documents

• Kiribati Early Childhood Care and Education Policy (2010)
• Kiribati Early Childhood Curriculum (2010)
• Birth, Death, and Marriages Registration Act (1977)
• Children, Young People, and Families Welfare System Policy (year unknown)
• Policy on Breastfeeding and Infant Feeding Practices (1998)
• Policy on Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (2010)
• Policy on Home Visit during Postnatal Period
• Teacher Professional Development Framework
• Digest of Education Statistics (2011)
• SafeNet – A Gender-Based Violence Referral Network (Memorandum of Understanding, June 2012)
• School Food Policy (2013)

Regional Comparisons

Parental Leave Policies

Policy Levers

1.1 Legal Framework

• No national policies to promote dietary consumption for young children and pregnant women.
• No policy on iodized salt or fortified flour.
• No national policy on child protection.
• No enforcement of health and nutrition standards.
• Article 24 of CRC is in place but not fully implemented.

1.2 Intersectoral Coordination

• No multisectoral ECD strategy.
• No coordination across sectors for ECD service delivery.
• ECD is seen as a community responsibility.
• Limited collaboration between state and nonstate actors.
• No formal agreements between MOE and communities.

1.3 Finance

• Minimal public expenditure on ECD.
• No budget allocations for ECD in education, health, or nutrition.
• No criteria for funding allocation for ECD-related services.
• ECE teacher salaries are below the poverty threshold.
• No financial support for ECD services, including preschools.

Key Recommendations

• Develop a comprehensive legal framework to support ECD.
• Establish multisectoral coordination mechanisms.
• Allocate sufficient and transparent funding for ECD services.
• Implement clear service standards and monitoring systems.
• Ensure all children from birth to age 14 are included in child protection policies.
• Expand ECD service delivery to include all sectors, especially for poor and rural populations.
• Integrate ECD into national education and health strategies.