2022-11-17-世界卫生组织-Oral_Health_Kazakhstan_2022_country_profile_2页_672kb

Kazakhstan Oral Health Profile Summary

Oral Disease Burden

• Prevalence (2019): High rates of untreated dental caries, with 46.9% of children aged 1-9 years and 31.2% of adults over 5 years affected. Severe periodontal disease affects 15.3% of people aged 15+, and edentulism impacts 12.4% of those over 20.

National Health System Response

• Policies and Measures: No implementation of a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax. No operational national oral health policy or strategy. Oral health interventions are ongoing but limited.
• Healthcare Access: Oral health screening is available for early detection. Primary care facilities can handle urgent oral treatments and basic restorative procedures. Emergency care for oral pain is accessible.
• Workforce: Dental workforce includes 20,094 dentists (average per 10,000 population incomplete), with support staff such as therapists, prostheticians, and hygienists. However, numbers are comparatively low for the population.

Risk Factors

• High prevalence of tobacco use (23.5% overall), with higher rates among males (40.1%). Sugar availability is high at 69.1 g/day per capita. Alcohol consumption and noma are recognized in some contexts but not as major public health issues.

Economic Impact

• Estimated expenditure on dental care is low, with per capita costs around USD $3.3 and total losses due to oral diseases around USD $695 million annually. Fluoride toothpaste affordability requires up to one labor day per person to purchase annual supplies.

Policies, Measures, and Resources

• Oral health interventions are partially integrated into health benefit packages, covering routine and preventive care, essential curative treatments, advanced care, and rehabilitation. However, implementation varies, with no SSB tax or formal strategy.