美国企业研究所-AEI政治报告：2020年大选，政客和冠状病毒，黑人命贵，警察和抗议（英文）-2020.9-11页_242kb

2020 Election Summary

Core Content

This summary covers key aspects of the 2020 U.S. presidential election, including public opinion on candidate strengths, personal qualities, and specific issues such as the economy, health care, coronavirus response, racial issues, and work-life changes due to the pandemic.

Main Issues and Candidate Comparisons

Economy and Health Care

• Top Issues: The economy and health care are the top concerns for American voters.
• Candidate Perceptions:
  • Donald Trump: Retains a slight edge on handling the economy.
  • Joe Biden: Leads on almost all other issues, including health care and foreign policy.
• Coronavirus Handling:
  • Trump: Faces significant disapproval for his handling of the coronavirus, with a solid majority disapproving.
  • Biden: Has a more favorable perception, with 53% of registered voters believing he would better handle the coronavirus.

Racial Issues and Immigration

• Black Lives Matter (BLM):
  • 57% of registered voters have a favorable impression of the BLM movement.
  • 34% have an unfavorable impression.
• Police and Protests:
  • 67% of registered voters believe Trump's response to protests mostly increased tensions.
  • 46% of registered voters approved of sending federal security officers to cities, while 47% disapproved.

Personal Qualities

• Biden's Qualities:
  • Has a clear plan for solving the country's problems.
  • Can manage the government effectively.
  • Leads on most personal qualities, including unifying the country.
• Trump's Qualities:
  • Leads on crime.
• Public Perception:
  • 44% of registered voters had a favorable impression of Biden, compared to 36% for Trump.
  • 49% of registered voters had an unfavorable impression of Biden, compared to 61% for Trump.
  • On stamina and mental/physical health, opinions are divided.

Voter Engagement and Intent

• High Engagement:
  • 62% of registered voters were extremely interested in the 2020 election (Fox News).
  • 48% were extremely enthusiastic about voting (CNN/SSRS).
• Minds Made Up:
  • 92% of Biden/Kamala Harris voters had their minds made up.
  • 88% of Trump/Mike Pence supporters were sure about their choice.
• Voting Intent:
  • In most major polls, Biden led Trump.
  • The polls showed stability, not change, in voter preferences.

Jobs and Financial Outlook

• Employment Changes:
  • Between late March and early August, 8-10% of Americans were temporarily laid off, and 1-4% were permanently let go.
  • Those laid off were less optimistic about returning to work.
• Financial Situation:
  • 65% of Americans felt their financial situation was stable.
  • 20% struggled to remain where they were financially.
  • 13% felt their situation was improving.
• Severe Hardship:
  • 14-20% of Americans were very worried about severe financial hardship due to the pandemic.
  • Around a third were somewhat worried.

Work Life During the Pandemic

• Remote Work:
  • 39% of employed Americans said all or nearly all employees were back at work by July 2020, up from 28% in April.
  • 70% believed their employers were looking out for their best interests.
• Positive Aspects of Remote Work:
  • 78% said working from home saved them time.
  • 71% felt more comfortable working from home.
  • 67% felt more connected with their families.
• Negative Aspects of Remote Work:
  • 71% felt their work and personal life had blended more.
  • 58% felt disconnected from coworkers.
• Preferred Work Arrangements:
  • 32% of remote workers preferred to work from home every day.
  • 25% preferred one to two days a week.
  • 21% preferred three to four days a week.
  • 22% would not work from home.

Additional Key Information

• Congress and Coronavirus:
  • A majority of Americans lack confidence in Trump's handling of the coronavirus.
  • A plurality are somewhat uneasy about Biden's handling.
  • Congress as a whole is viewed negatively, with 27% rating their handling as poor.
• Sources:
  • Polls are from various reputable organizations such as NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist, Fox News, CNN/SSRS, and Gallup.
  • The AEI Political Report is a nonpartisan source, presenting the views of the authors rather than taking institutional positions.

Summary of Polls

Poll	Sample	Key Finding
NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist	Registered Voters	Biden leads on most issues except crime
Fox News	Registered Voters	Trump leads on economy
CNN/SSRS	Registered Voters	Biden leads on unifying the country
Morning Consult/Politico	Registered Voters	Majority disapprove of Trump's coronavirus handling
Gallup	National Adults	71% felt work-life blended more with remote work
ABC News/Ipsos	Registered Voters	46% approved of sending federal officers to cities
Kaiser Family Foundation	Registered Voters	20% fell behind in paying bills, 18% had problems affording health care

Conclusion

The 2020 election was marked by strong public interest and a highly engaged electorate. Joe Biden was perceived as more capable in handling most issues, particularly the economy, health care, and unifying the country, while Donald Trump was seen as more effective in dealing with crime. Public opinion on the coronavirus response was largely negative toward Trump, and there was a growing concern about the economic and financial impacts of the pandemic. Remote work, while beneficial in some aspects, also led to challenges in work-life balance and social connection.